Ethical Principles for the Development of Artificial Intelligence and its Application in Health Care Systems
Abstract
Four fundamental principles and ten ethical principles are proposed for artificial intelligence systems (AIS) in general and their application in public health. The Montreal Declaration for the Responsible Development of Artificial Intelligence (2018) on which this proposal is based is presented and commented on, as well as the UNESCO Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence (2022). The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the need to build a global health care system, as well as a coordinated response to the coming pandemics. The ethical principles applied to AIS can serve to reduce disparity and failures of health systems. The integration of AIS in health in different regions of the world would enable a more efficient global action, but if it is carried out from the framework of the (bio)ethical principles that are raised here: responsibility, precaution, autonomy and justice, as well as the principle of preservation of human decisions. AI can help progressively to implement a global health care system with universal and remote coverage that responds to one of the most important demands for global justice: the human right to health care.
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Beauchamp, Tom L., James Childress (1999). Principios de ética biomédica. Barcelona: Masson.
Bostrom, Nick (2017). Superintelligence. Paths, Dangers, Strategies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Centre de Recherche en Éthique (CRE), Université de Montréal (2018). Déclaration de Montréal pour un développment responsable de l’intelligence artificielle. https://www.declarationmontreal-iaresponsable.com/_files/ugd/ebc3a3_28b2dfe7ee13479caaf820477de1b8bc.pdf?index=true
Coeckelbergh, Mark (2021). AI Ethics. Kindle ed. Cambridge, MA.: The MIT Press.
Floridi, Luciano (2022). Etica dell’intelligenza artificiale. Sviluppi, opportunità, sfide. Milán: Rafaello Cortina.
Floridi, Luciano (ed.) (2021). Ethics, Governance, and Policies in Artificial Intelligence. Switzerland: Springer.
Floridi Luciano y Josh Cowls (2021a). A Unified Framework of Five Principles for AI in Society. En Luciano Floridi (Ed.), Ethics, Governance, and Policies in Artificial Intelligence (pp. 5-18). Switzerland: Springer.
Floridi, Luciano et al. (2021b). The Ethics of AI in Health Care: A Mapping Review. En Luciano Floridi (Ed.), Ethics, Governance, and Policies in Artificial Intelligence (pp. 313-346). Switzerland: Springer.
Jonas, Hans (1995). El principio de responsabilidad. Ensayo de una ética para la civilización tecnológica. Barcelona: Herder.
Linares, Jorge E. (2008). Ética y mundo tecnológico. México: FCE.
Mittelstadt, Brent D., Luciano Floridi (eds.) (2016). The Ethics of Biomedical Big Data. Switzerland: Springer.
Observatorio de Bioética, Derecho, Universidad de Barcelona (2020). Pautas para evaluar proyectos de investigación de innovación en salud que utilicen tecnologías emergentes y datos personales. http://www.bioeticayderecho.ub.edu/sites/default/files/documents/doc_evaluar-proyectos-salud.pdf
UNESCO (2022). Recomendación sobre la ética de la intelgencia artificial. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000381137_spa
Zuboff, Shoshana (2020). La era del capitalismo de la vigilancia. Barcelona: Paidós.
Linares, J. (2022). Ethical Principles for the Development of Artificial Intelligence and its Application in Health Care Systems. Artefactos. Philosophical Studies on Science and Technology, 11(2), 137–161. https://doi.org/10.14201/art2022112137161
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