‘Nam generation. Veteranos de Vietnam: Juventud, desigualdad social y cultura de la desmovilización en Estados Unidos
Resumen Este artículo gira en torno a la idea de la construcción de la subcultura del ex combatiente de guerra, tomando como ejemplo el caso de los soldados y veteranos de Vietnam, partiendo de la idea de que es una cultura generada por el marco contextual de la desigualdad social y la explosión cultural de los años 60. La guerra de Vietnam es conocida como la guerra impopular por excelencia, una guerra de contrainsurgencia desmoralizadora luchada por reclutas adolescentes de clase trabajadora y minorías, que originó visibles cicatrices psicológicas entre la tropa a la vez que generaría una increíble oleada de resistencia de clase obrera, motines y descenso de la disciplina en el ejército.
- Referencias
- Cómo citar
- Del mismo autor
- Métricas
Appy, C. G. (2015). American Reckoning, the Vietnam War and our national identity. New York: Viking,
Appy, C. G. (1993). Working-class war. American combat soldier and Vietnam. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press.
Barker, M. (1988). Nam. Suffolk: Abacus,
Bonior, D. E.; Champlin, S. M.; Kolly, T. S. (1984). The Vietnam veteran. A history of neglect. New York: Praeger.
Boulton, M. (2014). Failing our veterans. The G.I. Bill and the Vietnam generation. New York: New York University Press.
Boulton, M. (2007-2008). How the GI Bill failed African-Americans. Journal of blacks in higher education, 58.
Bourke, J. (2008). Sed de sangre: Historia íntima del combate cuerpo a cuerpo en las guerras del siglo XX. Barcelona: Crítica.
Bradley, D.; Werner, C. (2015). We gotta get out of this place: The soundtrack of the Vietnam War. Boston: University of Massachussets Press.
Brende, J. O.; Parson, E. R. (1985). Vietnam veterans. The road to recovery. New York: Plenum Press.
Buzzanco, R. (1999). Vietnam and the transformation of American life. Massachussets: Blackwell.
Cantor, N. (1973). La era de la protesta: Oposición y rebeldía en el siglo XX. Madrid: Alianza.
Caputo, P. (2009). Un rumor de guerra. Barcelona: Inédita.
Caputo, P. (1987). Indian Country. London: Arrow Books.
Cortright, D. (2005). Soldiers in revolt, GI resistance during the Vietnam War. Chicago: Haymarket Books.
Draper, T. (1972). El nacionalismo negro en Estados Unidos. Madrid: Alianza.
Degroot, G. J. (2000). A noble cause? America and the Vietnam War. London: Longman.
Degroot, G. J. (2008). The 60’s Unplugged: A kaleidoscopic history of a disorderly decade. Londron: Macmillan.
Doggett, P. (2008). There’s a riot going on: Revolutionaries, rock stars and the rise and fall of ‘60s counter-culture. Edinburgh: Canongate.
Ebert, J. R. (2004). A life in a year. The American infantryman in Vietnam. New York: Presidio Press.
Ehrhart, W. D. (1995). Busted: A Vietnam Veteran in Nixon’s America. Boston: University of Massachusetts Press.
Ehrhart, W. D. (1989). Passing Time: Memoir of a Vietnam Veteran Against the War. New York: McFarland & Company.
Franklin, H. B. (2012). Vietnam y las fantasías norteamericanas. Buenos Aires: Final Abierto.
Gardner, L.; Young, M. (2008). Iraq and the lessons of Vietnam. Or how not to learn form the past. New York: The New Press.
Gitlin, T. (1994). The sixties, years of hope, days of rage. New York: Banta
Groom, W. (1978). Better times than these. Ontario: Totem Books.
Haldeman, J. (1995). 1968. New York: Avon Books.
Haldeman, J. (2013). La guerra interminable. Barcelona: Ediciones Zeta Bolsillo.
Hallin, D. C. (1989). Uncesored War, the media and Vietnam. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Harris, M. (1994): La cultura norteamericana contemporania. Madrid: Alianza.
Hebdige, D. (2004). Subcultura. Barcelona: Paidós.
Heinemann, L (1988): La historia de Paco. Barcelona: Ediciones B.
Heinemann, L. (2005). Black Virgin Mountain. New York: Doubleday.
Hoskins, A. (2004). Televising war: from Vietnam to Irak. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
Hunt, D. (1999). The turning, a history of VVAW. New York: New York University Press.
Kindsvatter, P. S. (2003). American soldiers. Ground combat in the World Wars, Korea and Vietnam. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.
Kinney, K. (2000). Friendly fire. American images of the Vietnam War. New York: Oxford University Press.
Kordb, L. J.; Duggan; S. E.; Juul, P. M.; Bermann; M. A. (2009). Serving america’s veterans: a reference handbook. Santa Barbara: Greenwood publishing group.
Kovic, R. (1990). Nacido el 4 de julio. Barcelona: Emece.
Lawrence, M.; Strauss, W. A. (1978). Chance and circumstance. The draft, the war and the Vietnam Generation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf Inc.
Lee, M. A.; Shlain, B. (2002). Sueños de ácido: Historia social del LSD. Barcelona: Castellarte.
Lewes, J. (2003). Protest and survive. Underground GI Newspapers during the Vietnam war. Westport: Praeger Publishers.
Lewis, P. (2013). Hardhats, hippies, and hawks: The Vietnam antiwar movement as myth and memory. New York: Cornell University Press.
Louvre, A.; Walsh, J. (eds.) (1988). Tell me lies about Vietnam, cultural battle for the meaning of the war. Philadelphia: Open University Press.
Maffi, M. (1975). La cultura underground. Barcelona: Anagrama.
Marlantes, K. (2009). Matterhorn. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press.
Marlantes, K. (2011). What is like to go to war. London: Corvus.
Martin, A (1993). Receptions of war. Vietnam and the American culture. University of Oklahoma Press.
Mosser, R. (1996). The new Winter soldier, GI and veteran dissent during the Vietnam War. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press.
Napoli, P. F. (2013). Bringing it all back home: An oral history of New York city’s Vietnam veterans. New York: Hill and Wang.
Neale, J. (2003). A people’s history of Vietnam War. New York: Free Press.
Nelson, D. (2008). The War behind me. Vietnam veterans confront the truth about U.S. Crimes. New York: Basic Books.
Nicosia, G. (2001). Home to War: A History of the Vietnam Veterans Movement. New York: Crown.
O’Brien, T. (2006). If I die in combat zone. London: Harper Perennial.
O’Brien, T. (1999). Going after Cacciato. New York: Broodway books.
O’Brien, T. (2011). Las cosas que llevaban los hombres que lucharon. Barcelona: Anagrama.
O’Brien, T. (1994). En el lago de los bosques. Barcelona: Anagrama.
Oropeza, L. (2005). Raza si guerra no. Chicano protest and patriotism during Vietnam war Era. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Reinberg, L. (1991). In the field: The language of the Vietnam War. New York: Facts on File.
Rorabaugh, W. J. (2005). Kennedy y el sueño de los sesenta. Barcelona: Paidós.
Roszak, T. (2005). El nacimiento de una contracultura. Barcelona: Kairós.
Rowe, J. C.; Berg, R. (1991). The Vietnam war and the American culture. New York: Columbia University Press.
Schmitz, D. F. (2005). The Tet Offensive, Politics, war and public opinion. Lanham: Rowman & Latfield Publishers.
Schulzinger, R. D. (2006). A time for Peace. The legacy of the Vietnam war. New York: Oxford University Press.
Severo, R.; Milford, L. (1990). Wages of war. New York: Touchstone.
Shephard, B. (2002). War of nerves. Soldiers and psychiatrists 1914-1994. London: Pimlico.
Spann, E. K. (2003). Democracy Children. The young rebels of the 1960s and the power of ideals. Wilmington: Scholarly Resources Inc.
Stacewicz, R. (1997). Winter soldiers. An oral history of Vientam Veterans Againts the War. Chicago: Haymarket Books.
Stanford, K. L. (2008). If We must die: African American voices on war and peace. Maryland: Rowan and Littlefield.
Starr, P.; James, H.; Bonner, R. (1973). The discarded army: veterans after Vietnam. New York: Charterhouse.
Terry, W. (1985). Bloods. Black Veterans of the Vietnam War: An Oral History. New York: Presidio Press.
Trujillo, C. (2000). Soldados: Chicanos in Viet Nam. California: Chusma House.
Turse, N. (2013). Kill anything that moves. The real American war in Vietnam. New York: Metropolitan Books.
Uhl, M.; Ensign, T. (1980). GI Guinea pigs. How the Pentagon exposed our troops to dangers more deadly than war. New York: Wideview Books.
Webb, J. (2001). Lost soldiers. New York: Random House.
Westheider, J. (2008). The African American experience in Vietnam. Plymouth, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Wiest, A. (ed.). (2006). Rolling Thunder in a gentle Land. The Vietnam War revisited. Oxford: Osprey Publishing.
Ybarra, L. (2004). Vietnam Veteranos: chicanos recall the war. University of Texas Press.
Young, M. B. (1991). The Vietnam wars 1945-1990. New York: Harper Perennial.
Appy, C. G. (1993). Working-class war. American combat soldier and Vietnam. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press.
Barker, M. (1988). Nam. Suffolk: Abacus,
Bonior, D. E.; Champlin, S. M.; Kolly, T. S. (1984). The Vietnam veteran. A history of neglect. New York: Praeger.
Boulton, M. (2014). Failing our veterans. The G.I. Bill and the Vietnam generation. New York: New York University Press.
Boulton, M. (2007-2008). How the GI Bill failed African-Americans. Journal of blacks in higher education, 58.
Bourke, J. (2008). Sed de sangre: Historia íntima del combate cuerpo a cuerpo en las guerras del siglo XX. Barcelona: Crítica.
Bradley, D.; Werner, C. (2015). We gotta get out of this place: The soundtrack of the Vietnam War. Boston: University of Massachussets Press.
Brende, J. O.; Parson, E. R. (1985). Vietnam veterans. The road to recovery. New York: Plenum Press.
Buzzanco, R. (1999). Vietnam and the transformation of American life. Massachussets: Blackwell.
Cantor, N. (1973). La era de la protesta: Oposición y rebeldía en el siglo XX. Madrid: Alianza.
Caputo, P. (2009). Un rumor de guerra. Barcelona: Inédita.
Caputo, P. (1987). Indian Country. London: Arrow Books.
Cortright, D. (2005). Soldiers in revolt, GI resistance during the Vietnam War. Chicago: Haymarket Books.
Draper, T. (1972). El nacionalismo negro en Estados Unidos. Madrid: Alianza.
Degroot, G. J. (2000). A noble cause? America and the Vietnam War. London: Longman.
Degroot, G. J. (2008). The 60’s Unplugged: A kaleidoscopic history of a disorderly decade. Londron: Macmillan.
Doggett, P. (2008). There’s a riot going on: Revolutionaries, rock stars and the rise and fall of ‘60s counter-culture. Edinburgh: Canongate.
Ebert, J. R. (2004). A life in a year. The American infantryman in Vietnam. New York: Presidio Press.
Ehrhart, W. D. (1995). Busted: A Vietnam Veteran in Nixon’s America. Boston: University of Massachusetts Press.
Ehrhart, W. D. (1989). Passing Time: Memoir of a Vietnam Veteran Against the War. New York: McFarland & Company.
Franklin, H. B. (2012). Vietnam y las fantasías norteamericanas. Buenos Aires: Final Abierto.
Gardner, L.; Young, M. (2008). Iraq and the lessons of Vietnam. Or how not to learn form the past. New York: The New Press.
Gitlin, T. (1994). The sixties, years of hope, days of rage. New York: Banta
Groom, W. (1978). Better times than these. Ontario: Totem Books.
Haldeman, J. (1995). 1968. New York: Avon Books.
Haldeman, J. (2013). La guerra interminable. Barcelona: Ediciones Zeta Bolsillo.
Hallin, D. C. (1989). Uncesored War, the media and Vietnam. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Harris, M. (1994): La cultura norteamericana contemporania. Madrid: Alianza.
Hebdige, D. (2004). Subcultura. Barcelona: Paidós.
Heinemann, L (1988): La historia de Paco. Barcelona: Ediciones B.
Heinemann, L. (2005). Black Virgin Mountain. New York: Doubleday.
Hoskins, A. (2004). Televising war: from Vietnam to Irak. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
Hunt, D. (1999). The turning, a history of VVAW. New York: New York University Press.
Kindsvatter, P. S. (2003). American soldiers. Ground combat in the World Wars, Korea and Vietnam. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.
Kinney, K. (2000). Friendly fire. American images of the Vietnam War. New York: Oxford University Press.
Kordb, L. J.; Duggan; S. E.; Juul, P. M.; Bermann; M. A. (2009). Serving america’s veterans: a reference handbook. Santa Barbara: Greenwood publishing group.
Kovic, R. (1990). Nacido el 4 de julio. Barcelona: Emece.
Lawrence, M.; Strauss, W. A. (1978). Chance and circumstance. The draft, the war and the Vietnam Generation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf Inc.
Lee, M. A.; Shlain, B. (2002). Sueños de ácido: Historia social del LSD. Barcelona: Castellarte.
Lewes, J. (2003). Protest and survive. Underground GI Newspapers during the Vietnam war. Westport: Praeger Publishers.
Lewis, P. (2013). Hardhats, hippies, and hawks: The Vietnam antiwar movement as myth and memory. New York: Cornell University Press.
Louvre, A.; Walsh, J. (eds.) (1988). Tell me lies about Vietnam, cultural battle for the meaning of the war. Philadelphia: Open University Press.
Maffi, M. (1975). La cultura underground. Barcelona: Anagrama.
Marlantes, K. (2009). Matterhorn. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press.
Marlantes, K. (2011). What is like to go to war. London: Corvus.
Martin, A (1993). Receptions of war. Vietnam and the American culture. University of Oklahoma Press.
Mosser, R. (1996). The new Winter soldier, GI and veteran dissent during the Vietnam War. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press.
Napoli, P. F. (2013). Bringing it all back home: An oral history of New York city’s Vietnam veterans. New York: Hill and Wang.
Neale, J. (2003). A people’s history of Vietnam War. New York: Free Press.
Nelson, D. (2008). The War behind me. Vietnam veterans confront the truth about U.S. Crimes. New York: Basic Books.
Nicosia, G. (2001). Home to War: A History of the Vietnam Veterans Movement. New York: Crown.
O’Brien, T. (2006). If I die in combat zone. London: Harper Perennial.
O’Brien, T. (1999). Going after Cacciato. New York: Broodway books.
O’Brien, T. (2011). Las cosas que llevaban los hombres que lucharon. Barcelona: Anagrama.
O’Brien, T. (1994). En el lago de los bosques. Barcelona: Anagrama.
Oropeza, L. (2005). Raza si guerra no. Chicano protest and patriotism during Vietnam war Era. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Reinberg, L. (1991). In the field: The language of the Vietnam War. New York: Facts on File.
Rorabaugh, W. J. (2005). Kennedy y el sueño de los sesenta. Barcelona: Paidós.
Roszak, T. (2005). El nacimiento de una contracultura. Barcelona: Kairós.
Rowe, J. C.; Berg, R. (1991). The Vietnam war and the American culture. New York: Columbia University Press.
Schmitz, D. F. (2005). The Tet Offensive, Politics, war and public opinion. Lanham: Rowman & Latfield Publishers.
Schulzinger, R. D. (2006). A time for Peace. The legacy of the Vietnam war. New York: Oxford University Press.
Severo, R.; Milford, L. (1990). Wages of war. New York: Touchstone.
Shephard, B. (2002). War of nerves. Soldiers and psychiatrists 1914-1994. London: Pimlico.
Spann, E. K. (2003). Democracy Children. The young rebels of the 1960s and the power of ideals. Wilmington: Scholarly Resources Inc.
Stacewicz, R. (1997). Winter soldiers. An oral history of Vientam Veterans Againts the War. Chicago: Haymarket Books.
Stanford, K. L. (2008). If We must die: African American voices on war and peace. Maryland: Rowan and Littlefield.
Starr, P.; James, H.; Bonner, R. (1973). The discarded army: veterans after Vietnam. New York: Charterhouse.
Terry, W. (1985). Bloods. Black Veterans of the Vietnam War: An Oral History. New York: Presidio Press.
Trujillo, C. (2000). Soldados: Chicanos in Viet Nam. California: Chusma House.
Turse, N. (2013). Kill anything that moves. The real American war in Vietnam. New York: Metropolitan Books.
Uhl, M.; Ensign, T. (1980). GI Guinea pigs. How the Pentagon exposed our troops to dangers more deadly than war. New York: Wideview Books.
Webb, J. (2001). Lost soldiers. New York: Random House.
Westheider, J. (2008). The African American experience in Vietnam. Plymouth, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Wiest, A. (ed.). (2006). Rolling Thunder in a gentle Land. The Vietnam War revisited. Oxford: Osprey Publishing.
Ybarra, L. (2004). Vietnam Veteranos: chicanos recall the war. University of Texas Press.
Young, M. B. (1991). The Vietnam wars 1945-1990. New York: Harper Perennial.
Soler Ruda, A. (2017). ‘Nam generation. Veteranos de Vietnam: Juventud, desigualdad social y cultura de la desmovilización en Estados Unidos. El Futuro Del Pasado, 8, 121–146. https://doi.org/10.14516/fdp.2017.008.001.004
Descargas
Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.
+
−