Hayden White y la «emergencia» del humanismo liberal: El contenido de la forma de los Western Civilization courses
Resumen Este artículo propone una relectura del primer libro publicado por el filósofo e historiador Hayden White, The Emergence of Liberal Humanism (1966). Con ello se pretende alcanzar tres objetivos. El primero consiste en poner en contexto lo dicho por el autor en uno de sus más provocadores artículos, «The Burden of History» (1966). Los límites ideológicos de The Emergence deberían servir para que el lector de White conociese un «White» anterior a Metahistory, mucho menos «modernista» que el que nos ofrece el citado artículo. En relación con lo anterior, se trata de dar cuenta de los procedimientos de la ideología estética que lo configuró como autor, a la sazón, y como veremos, el llamado humanismo liberal, que puede resumirse como la elaboración estética del liberalismo estadounidense posterior a Franklin D. Roosevelt. Y en tercer lugar, se busca ofrecer una lectura formalista que reivindique la importancia en el estudio de la historiografía de lo que el propio White llamó «el contenido de la forma». Los significados ideológicos de las formas narrativas que se emplean en esta obra son un buen ejemplo de la importancia de este enfoque.
- Referencias
- Cómo citar
- Del mismo autor
- Métricas
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Armitage, D. (2004): «John Locke, Carolina, and the Two Treatises of Government», Political Theory, 32 (5), 2004, pp. 602-627.
Baumer, F. L. (1967): «Willson H. Coates et al., The Emergence of Liberal Humanism: An Intellectual History of Western Europe», The American Historical Review, 72 (2), pp. 563-564.
Bellamy, R. (1987), «Idealism and Liberalism in an Italian ‘New Liberal Theorist’: Guido de Ruggiero’s History of European Liberalism», The Historical Journal, 30 (1), pp. 191-200.
Bentley, M. (2005): Modernizing England’s Past. English Historiography in the Age of Modernism, 1870-1970, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Bertens, H. (2001): Literary Theory. The Basics, Routledge.
Burke, E. (1993): Reflections on the Revolution in France, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Carreras Ares, J. J. (2000): «Fin de siglo y milenarismos invertidos», Razón de Historia. Estudios de Historiografía, Madrid y Zaragoza, Marcial Pons y PUZ, pp. 336-355.
Cassirer, E. (1984): Filosofía de la Ilustración, México, Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Cassirer, E. (1985): El mito del estado, México, Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Coates, W. H., White, H., Salwyn Schapiro, J. (1966): The Emergence of Liberal Humanism. An Intellectual History of Western Europe, Volume I, Nueva York, McGraw-Hill.
Coates, W. H., White, H. (1970): The Ordeal of Liberal Humanism. An Intellectual History of Western Europe, Volume II, Since the French Revolution, Nueva York, McGraw-Hill.
Davies, T. (1997): Humanism, Londres, Routledge, 1997.
Domanska, E. (1994), Encounters. Philosophy of History after Postmodernism, Charlotteville, University Press of Virginia.
Domènech, A. (2004): El eclipse de la fraternidad. Una revisión republicana de la tradición socialista, Barcelona, Crítica.
Dussel, E. (1966): Hipótesis para el estudio de Latinoamérica en la Historia Universal. Investigación del «mundo» donde se constituyen y evolucionan las «Weltanschauungen», Chaco, Resistencia.
Eagleton, T. (1976): Criticism and Ideology. A Study in Marxist Literary Theory, Londres, New Left Books/Verso.
Eagleton, T. (2006): La estética como ideología, Madrid, Trotta.
Faulkner, W. (2000): ¡Absalón, Absalón!, Madrid, Cátedra.
Fitzpatrick, E. (2002): History´s Memory. Writing America´s Past, 1880-1980, Cambridge, Harvard University Press.
Gaido, D. (2006): The Formative Period of American Capitalism. A Materialist Interpretation, Londres, Routledge.
Gilchrist, B. (2006): Cultus Americanus. Varieties of the Liberal Tradition in American Political Culture, 1600-1865, Lanham, Lexington Books.
Gordon, P. E. (2010): Continental Divide. Heidegger, Cassirer, Davos, Cambridge, Harvard University Press.
Gough, J. W. (1967): «Willson H. Coates, Hayden V. White, The Emergence of Liberal Humanism», The English Historical Review, 82 (324), pp. 609-610.
Gunder Frank, A. (1966): The Development of Underdevelopment, Nueva York, Monthly Review Press.
Gunder Frank, A. (1967): Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America, Nueva York, Monthly Review Press.
Hamilton, A., Madison, J., Jay, J. (2008): The Federalist Papers, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Harlan, D. (1997): The Degradation of American History, Chicago, Chicago University.
Hartz, L. (1955): The Liberal Tradition in America. An Interpretation of American Political Thought since the Revolution, Nueva York, Harcourt, Brace.
Higham, J. (1973): History. Professional Scholarship in America, Nueva York, Harper Torchbooks.
Hill, C. (1983): «Introduction», en Winstanley, G., «The Law of Freedom» and Other Writings, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, pp. 6-68.
Israel, J. (2001): Radical Enlightenment. Philosophy and the Making of Modernity, 1650-1750, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
Israel, J. (2006): Enlightenment Contested. Philosophy, Modernity and the Emancipation of Man, 1670-1735, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
Israel, J. (2006): «Enlightenment! Which Enlightenment?», Journal of the History of Ideas, 67 (3), pp. 523-545.
Jameson, F. (1981): The Political Unconscious. Narrative as a Socially Symbolic Act, Ithaca, Cornell University Press.
Jenkins, K. (1999): Why History? Ethics and Postmodernity, Londres, Routledge.
Jezer, M. (1982): The Dark Ages. Life in the United States, 1945-1960, Boston, South End Press.
Johnston, W. M. (1967): «Willson H. Coates, Hayden V. White, J. Salwyn Schapiro, The Emergence of Liberal Humanism: An Intellectual History of Western Europe, vol I: From the Italian Renaissance to the French Revolution», The
Journal of Religion, 47 (2), pp. 157-158.
Kelly, G. A. (1969): Idealism, Politics, and History. Sources of Hegelian Thought, Londres, Cambridge University Press.
Kermode, F. (2000): The Sense of an Ending. Studies in the Theory of Fiction, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Koselleck, R. (2004): «Historia Magistra Vitae. The Dissolution of the Topos into the Perspective of a Modernized Historical Process», Futures Past. On the Semantics of Historical Time, Nueva York, Columbia University Press, pp. 26-42.
Landes, D. (2003): The Unbound Prometheus. Technological Change and Industrial Development in Western Europe from 1750 to the Present, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Laski, H. J. (1981): El liberalismo europeo, México, Fondo de Cultura Económica.
LeBlanc, P., Yates, M. D. (2013): Freedom Budget. Recapturing the Promise of the Civil Rights Movement in the Struggle for Economic Justice Today, Nueva York, Monthly Review.
Lorenz, C. (1998): «Can Histories Be True? Narrativism, Positivism, and the ‘Metaphorical Turn’«, History and Theory, 37 (3), pp. 309-329.
Lyotard, J-F. (1993): The Postmodern Explained. Correspondence 1982-1985, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press.
Macherey, P. (2006): A Theory of Literary Production, Londres, Routledge.
Macpherson, C. B. (2011): The Political Theory of Possessive Individualism. Hobbes to Locke, Don Mills, Oxford University Press.
Madison, J. (2006): Selected Writings of James Madison, Indianapolis, Hackett Publishing Co.
Marx, K. (2007): El Capital. Crítica de la economía política, Madrid, Akal.
Megill, A. (1987): «The Reception of Foucault by Historians», Journal of the History of Ideas, 48 (1), pp. 117-141.
Negri, A. (1994): El poder constituyente. Ensayo sobre las alternativas de la modernidad, Madrid, Libertarias/Prodhufi.
Nietzsche, F. (2003): Sobre la utilidad y el perjuicio de la historia para la vida. [II Intempestiva], Madrid, Biblioteca Nueva.
Novick, P. (1988): That Noble Dream. The «Objectivity Question» and the American Historical Association, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Paul, H. (2008): «A Collapse of Trust. Reconceptualizing the Crisis of Historicism», Journal of the Philosophy of History, 2 (1), pp. 63-82.
Paul, H. (2009): «Hayden White and the Crisis of Historicism», en Ankersmit, F., Domanska, E., Kellner, H. (eds.): Re-Figuring Hayden White, Stanford, Stanford University Press, pp. 54-73.
Paul, H. (2011): Hayden White, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Rancière, J. (1996): El desacuerdo. Política y filosofía, Buenos Aires, Nueva Visión.
Rostow, W. W. (1993): Las etapas del crecimiento económico: un manifiesto no comunista, Madrid, Centro de Publicaciones, Ministerio de Trabajo y Seguridad Social.
Rousseau, J-J. (2003): Del contrato social. Discurso sobre las ciencias y las artes. Discurso sobre el origen y los fundamentos de la desigualdad entre los hombres, Madrid, Alianza.
Ruggiero, G. (2005): Historia del liberalismo europeo, Granada, Comares.
Segal, D. A. (2000): «‘Western Civ’ and the Staging of History in American Higher Education», American Historical Review, 105 (3), pp. 770-805.
Thompson, E. P. (1989): Tradición, revuelta y consciencia de clase. Estudios sobre la crisis de la sociedad preindustrial, Barcelona, Crítica.
Traverso, E. (2001): El totalitarismo. Historia de un debate, Buenos Aires, Eudeba.
Vann, R. T. (1998): «The Reception of Hayden White», History and Theory, 37 (2), pp. 143-161.
Weber, E. (1999): «Western Civilization», en Molho, A., Wood, G. S. (eds.): Imagined Histories. American Historians Interpret the Past, Princeton, Princeton University Press, pp. 206-221.
White, H. (1957): «The Printing Industry from Renaissance to Reformation and from Guild to Capitalism», Stechert-Hafner Book News, 11, pp. 61-62, 73-74.
White, H. (1963): «The Abiding Relevance of Croce´s Idea of History», Journal of Modern History, 37 (2), pp. 109-124.
White, H. (1966): «The Burden of History», History and Theory, 5 (2), pp. 111-134.
White, H. (1973): Metahistory. The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth-Century Europe, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press.
White, H. (1978): «The Historical Text as Literary Artifact», Tropics of Discourse. Essays in Cultural Criticism, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 81-100.
White, H. (2010): «Preface», The Fiction of Narrative. Essays on History, Literature and Theory, 1957-2007, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. IX-XI.
White, H. (2010): «Storytelling: Historical and Ideological», The Fiction of Narrative. Essays on History, Literature and Theory, 1957-2007, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 273-292.
Whitfield, S. J. (1996): The Culture of the Cold War, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press.
Wood, E. M. (2012): Liberty and Property. A Social History of Western Political Thought from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment, Londres, Verso.
Zinn, H. (2005): A People´s History of the United States, Nueva York, Harper Perennial.
Althusser, L. (1978): Para leer El Capital, México, Siglo Veintiuno.
Armitage, D. (2004): «John Locke, Carolina, and the Two Treatises of Government», Political Theory, 32 (5), 2004, pp. 602-627.
Baumer, F. L. (1967): «Willson H. Coates et al., The Emergence of Liberal Humanism: An Intellectual History of Western Europe», The American Historical Review, 72 (2), pp. 563-564.
Bellamy, R. (1987), «Idealism and Liberalism in an Italian ‘New Liberal Theorist’: Guido de Ruggiero’s History of European Liberalism», The Historical Journal, 30 (1), pp. 191-200.
Bentley, M. (2005): Modernizing England’s Past. English Historiography in the Age of Modernism, 1870-1970, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Bertens, H. (2001): Literary Theory. The Basics, Routledge.
Burke, E. (1993): Reflections on the Revolution in France, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Carreras Ares, J. J. (2000): «Fin de siglo y milenarismos invertidos», Razón de Historia. Estudios de Historiografía, Madrid y Zaragoza, Marcial Pons y PUZ, pp. 336-355.
Cassirer, E. (1984): Filosofía de la Ilustración, México, Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Cassirer, E. (1985): El mito del estado, México, Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Coates, W. H., White, H., Salwyn Schapiro, J. (1966): The Emergence of Liberal Humanism. An Intellectual History of Western Europe, Volume I, Nueva York, McGraw-Hill.
Coates, W. H., White, H. (1970): The Ordeal of Liberal Humanism. An Intellectual History of Western Europe, Volume II, Since the French Revolution, Nueva York, McGraw-Hill.
Davies, T. (1997): Humanism, Londres, Routledge, 1997.
Domanska, E. (1994), Encounters. Philosophy of History after Postmodernism, Charlotteville, University Press of Virginia.
Domènech, A. (2004): El eclipse de la fraternidad. Una revisión republicana de la tradición socialista, Barcelona, Crítica.
Dussel, E. (1966): Hipótesis para el estudio de Latinoamérica en la Historia Universal. Investigación del «mundo» donde se constituyen y evolucionan las «Weltanschauungen», Chaco, Resistencia.
Eagleton, T. (1976): Criticism and Ideology. A Study in Marxist Literary Theory, Londres, New Left Books/Verso.
Eagleton, T. (2006): La estética como ideología, Madrid, Trotta.
Faulkner, W. (2000): ¡Absalón, Absalón!, Madrid, Cátedra.
Fitzpatrick, E. (2002): History´s Memory. Writing America´s Past, 1880-1980, Cambridge, Harvard University Press.
Gaido, D. (2006): The Formative Period of American Capitalism. A Materialist Interpretation, Londres, Routledge.
Gilchrist, B. (2006): Cultus Americanus. Varieties of the Liberal Tradition in American Political Culture, 1600-1865, Lanham, Lexington Books.
Gordon, P. E. (2010): Continental Divide. Heidegger, Cassirer, Davos, Cambridge, Harvard University Press.
Gough, J. W. (1967): «Willson H. Coates, Hayden V. White, The Emergence of Liberal Humanism», The English Historical Review, 82 (324), pp. 609-610.
Gunder Frank, A. (1966): The Development of Underdevelopment, Nueva York, Monthly Review Press.
Gunder Frank, A. (1967): Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America, Nueva York, Monthly Review Press.
Hamilton, A., Madison, J., Jay, J. (2008): The Federalist Papers, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Harlan, D. (1997): The Degradation of American History, Chicago, Chicago University.
Hartz, L. (1955): The Liberal Tradition in America. An Interpretation of American Political Thought since the Revolution, Nueva York, Harcourt, Brace.
Higham, J. (1973): History. Professional Scholarship in America, Nueva York, Harper Torchbooks.
Hill, C. (1983): «Introduction», en Winstanley, G., «The Law of Freedom» and Other Writings, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, pp. 6-68.
Israel, J. (2001): Radical Enlightenment. Philosophy and the Making of Modernity, 1650-1750, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
Israel, J. (2006): Enlightenment Contested. Philosophy, Modernity and the Emancipation of Man, 1670-1735, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
Israel, J. (2006): «Enlightenment! Which Enlightenment?», Journal of the History of Ideas, 67 (3), pp. 523-545.
Jameson, F. (1981): The Political Unconscious. Narrative as a Socially Symbolic Act, Ithaca, Cornell University Press.
Jenkins, K. (1999): Why History? Ethics and Postmodernity, Londres, Routledge.
Jezer, M. (1982): The Dark Ages. Life in the United States, 1945-1960, Boston, South End Press.
Johnston, W. M. (1967): «Willson H. Coates, Hayden V. White, J. Salwyn Schapiro, The Emergence of Liberal Humanism: An Intellectual History of Western Europe, vol I: From the Italian Renaissance to the French Revolution», The
Journal of Religion, 47 (2), pp. 157-158.
Kelly, G. A. (1969): Idealism, Politics, and History. Sources of Hegelian Thought, Londres, Cambridge University Press.
Kermode, F. (2000): The Sense of an Ending. Studies in the Theory of Fiction, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Koselleck, R. (2004): «Historia Magistra Vitae. The Dissolution of the Topos into the Perspective of a Modernized Historical Process», Futures Past. On the Semantics of Historical Time, Nueva York, Columbia University Press, pp. 26-42.
Landes, D. (2003): The Unbound Prometheus. Technological Change and Industrial Development in Western Europe from 1750 to the Present, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Laski, H. J. (1981): El liberalismo europeo, México, Fondo de Cultura Económica.
LeBlanc, P., Yates, M. D. (2013): Freedom Budget. Recapturing the Promise of the Civil Rights Movement in the Struggle for Economic Justice Today, Nueva York, Monthly Review.
Lorenz, C. (1998): «Can Histories Be True? Narrativism, Positivism, and the ‘Metaphorical Turn’«, History and Theory, 37 (3), pp. 309-329.
Lyotard, J-F. (1993): The Postmodern Explained. Correspondence 1982-1985, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press.
Macherey, P. (2006): A Theory of Literary Production, Londres, Routledge.
Macpherson, C. B. (2011): The Political Theory of Possessive Individualism. Hobbes to Locke, Don Mills, Oxford University Press.
Madison, J. (2006): Selected Writings of James Madison, Indianapolis, Hackett Publishing Co.
Marx, K. (2007): El Capital. Crítica de la economía política, Madrid, Akal.
Megill, A. (1987): «The Reception of Foucault by Historians», Journal of the History of Ideas, 48 (1), pp. 117-141.
Negri, A. (1994): El poder constituyente. Ensayo sobre las alternativas de la modernidad, Madrid, Libertarias/Prodhufi.
Nietzsche, F. (2003): Sobre la utilidad y el perjuicio de la historia para la vida. [II Intempestiva], Madrid, Biblioteca Nueva.
Novick, P. (1988): That Noble Dream. The «Objectivity Question» and the American Historical Association, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Paul, H. (2008): «A Collapse of Trust. Reconceptualizing the Crisis of Historicism», Journal of the Philosophy of History, 2 (1), pp. 63-82.
Paul, H. (2009): «Hayden White and the Crisis of Historicism», en Ankersmit, F., Domanska, E., Kellner, H. (eds.): Re-Figuring Hayden White, Stanford, Stanford University Press, pp. 54-73.
Paul, H. (2011): Hayden White, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Rancière, J. (1996): El desacuerdo. Política y filosofía, Buenos Aires, Nueva Visión.
Rostow, W. W. (1993): Las etapas del crecimiento económico: un manifiesto no comunista, Madrid, Centro de Publicaciones, Ministerio de Trabajo y Seguridad Social.
Rousseau, J-J. (2003): Del contrato social. Discurso sobre las ciencias y las artes. Discurso sobre el origen y los fundamentos de la desigualdad entre los hombres, Madrid, Alianza.
Ruggiero, G. (2005): Historia del liberalismo europeo, Granada, Comares.
Segal, D. A. (2000): «‘Western Civ’ and the Staging of History in American Higher Education», American Historical Review, 105 (3), pp. 770-805.
Thompson, E. P. (1989): Tradición, revuelta y consciencia de clase. Estudios sobre la crisis de la sociedad preindustrial, Barcelona, Crítica.
Traverso, E. (2001): El totalitarismo. Historia de un debate, Buenos Aires, Eudeba.
Vann, R. T. (1998): «The Reception of Hayden White», History and Theory, 37 (2), pp. 143-161.
Weber, E. (1999): «Western Civilization», en Molho, A., Wood, G. S. (eds.): Imagined Histories. American Historians Interpret the Past, Princeton, Princeton University Press, pp. 206-221.
White, H. (1957): «The Printing Industry from Renaissance to Reformation and from Guild to Capitalism», Stechert-Hafner Book News, 11, pp. 61-62, 73-74.
White, H. (1963): «The Abiding Relevance of Croce´s Idea of History», Journal of Modern History, 37 (2), pp. 109-124.
White, H. (1966): «The Burden of History», History and Theory, 5 (2), pp. 111-134.
White, H. (1973): Metahistory. The Historical Imagination in Nineteenth-Century Europe, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press.
White, H. (1978): «The Historical Text as Literary Artifact», Tropics of Discourse. Essays in Cultural Criticism, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 81-100.
White, H. (2010): «Preface», The Fiction of Narrative. Essays on History, Literature and Theory, 1957-2007, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. IX-XI.
White, H. (2010): «Storytelling: Historical and Ideological», The Fiction of Narrative. Essays on History, Literature and Theory, 1957-2007, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 273-292.
Whitfield, S. J. (1996): The Culture of the Cold War, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press.
Wood, E. M. (2012): Liberty and Property. A Social History of Western Political Thought from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment, Londres, Verso.
Zinn, H. (2005): A People´s History of the United States, Nueva York, Harper Perennial.
Sanz Loroño, M. Ángel. (2015). Hayden White y la «emergencia» del humanismo liberal: El contenido de la forma de los Western Civilization courses. El Futuro Del Pasado, 6, 319–353. https://doi.org/10.14516/fdp.2015.006.001.013
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