Métodos pedagógicos emergentes para un nuevo siglo ¿Qué hay realmente de innovación?
Resumen En este trabajo se examinan 14 líneas de innovación pedagógica que se han difundido en el sistema educativo a lo largo de las dos últimas décadas. Se propone una clasificación en 4 grandes enfoques, en función de sus metas educativas y los principios didácticos en los que se asientan: (1) aprendizaje experiencial y por indagación, (2) aprendizaje cooperativo, (3) enseñanza centrada en la inteligencia y el pensamiento, y (4) enseñanza centrada en la emoción y la motivación. A partir de la identificación de sus principales antecedentes históricos, se concluye que principalmente retoman ideas pedagógicas del siglo pasado, enriquecidas con nuevos recursos didácticos y tecnológicos. De la revisión de la investigación reciente acerca de sus beneficios y limitaciones se deduce la conveniencia de articular dichas innovaciones con otras alternativas de instrucción directa, así como desarrollar una investigación más centrada en los procesos y las dificultades que ocasiona en el aula.
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