Revisión de evidencias de las técnicas de DIR/Floortime™ para la intervención en niños y niñas con Trastornos del Espectro del Autismo
Resumen Las técnicas de DIR/Floortime™ han tomado en nuestro país un cierto impulso. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las evidencias sobre la eficacia que estas técnicas, para lo cual se han realizado búsquedas en cuatro bases de datos (PsychArticles, ERIC, PubMed y Medline). Después de depurar los documentos encontrados aplicando los criterios de inclusión/exclusión, se han detectado solo 18 estudios empíricos (7 estudios de caso único, 3 estudios cuasi-experimentales y 6 ensayos clínicos aleatorizados). Dos de los estudios son reanálisis de estudios anteriores o estudios de seguimiento. Una vez valorados los diferentes estudios, se concluye que es necesaria más investigación sobre las técnicas de DIR/Floortime™. Aunque las evidencias apuntan hacia la eficacia de la incorporación de los padres y las técnicas de juego en el suelo, los estudios son muy heterogéneos y no permiten realizar ningún metaanálisis de resultados para evidenciar su eficacia.
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Bratton, S., Ray, D., Rhine, T. y Jones, L. (2005). The efficacy of play therapy with children: a meta-analytic review of treatment outcomes. Professional Psychology, Research and Practice, 36(4), 376-390. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.36.4.376
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Eldevik, S., Hasting, R., Hughes, J., Jahr, E., Eikeseth, S. y Cross, S. (2009). Meta-analysis of early intensive behavioral intervention for children with autism. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 38(3), 439-450. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374410902851739
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Fein, D., Barton, M., Eigsti, I., Kelley, E., Naigles, L., Schultz, R., … Tyson, K. (2013). Optimal outcome in individuals with a history of autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54(2), 195-205. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12037
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Garner, P., Jones, D. y Miner, J. (1994). Social competence among low-income preschoolers: emotion socialization practices and social cognitive correltaes. Child Development, 65(2), 622-637. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131405
Ginott, H. (1959). The theory and practice of therapeutic intervention in child treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 23(2), 160-166. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046805
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