How Queer is Queer? Burroughs’ Novella through Rose-Tinted Glasses
Abstract
Using tools from Cultural Studies, Linguistics and Translation Studies, and following Keith Harvey´s (2000) methodology in the analysis of gay camp in translation, this paper studies William Burroughs’ novella Queer (written in 1953, published in 1985, and translated into Spanish in 2013). Considering the historical differences in 1953, 1985 and 2013 to frame the context of production, the article ponders on the two literary systems which the work entered to discuss its reception. Additionally, while at times Burroughs’ novella steps away from traditional «gay slang» (Penelope and Wolfe 1979), which Burroughs reportedly despised, some other times it sinks deep into «camp»: In Marcial Souto’s translation, «butch» and «camp» blend while some of the sexual power of the source is lost in translation. Tapping into Souto’s translation, we may see how far (or near) queer studies and queer translation have gone in the last sixty years.
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"'Queer', un texto fundacional de William S. Burroughs." 05 05 2014, Viajar cuesta poco. Accesed October 11, 2016. https://lossonambulos.wordpress.com/2014/05/05/queer-un-texto-fundacional-de-william-s-burroughs/
Bronski, Michael. 2000. The Pleasure Principle, Sex, Backlash, and The Struggle For Gay Freedom. New York: Stonewall Inn Editions.
Burroughs, William. 2012. Junky: The Definitive Text of Junk. New York: Grove Press.
Burroughs, William. 1985/1987. Queer. New York.: Penguin.
Burroughs, William. 2013. Queer. [orig. Queer]. Translated by Marcial Souto. Barcelona: Anagrama.
Burton, William M. "Inverting the Text: A Proposed Queer Translation Praxis". 13 03 2011. William M. Burton. Accesed October 9, 2016. http://williamburton.net/inverting
D'Emilio, John. 1998. Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities. 2nd. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226922454.001.0001
Enríquez Aranda, María Mercedes. 2005. "La recepción de la poesía de John Keats a través de sus traducciones al espa-ol en el siglo XX". Doctoral Thesis. Universidad de Málaga.
Foucault, Michel. 1977/1980a. "A Preface to Transgression". In Language, Counter-Memory, Practice. Selected Essays and Interviews by Michel Foucault, ed. by Donald F. Bouchard. Trans. Donald F. Bouchard and Sherry Simon. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 29-52.
Foucault, Michel. 1978/1990. The History of Sexuality. Vol. 1. Translated by Robert Hurley. New York: Random House.
Glick, Elisa. 2009."Gutter Dandyism. The Queer Junkie in Cold War America". Warhol, Materializing Queer Desire. Oscar Wilde to Andy. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Harris, Oliver. 2000. "Can You See a Virus? The Queer Cold War of William Burroughs". Journal of American Studies: 243–266.
Harvey, Keith. 2000. "Translating Camp Talk. Gay Identities and Cultural Transfer". In The Translation Studies Reader ed. by Lawrence Venuti. London / New York: Routledge, 446-467.
Hocquenghem, Guy. 1972/2009. El deseo homosexual. Translated by Geoffroy Huard de la Marre. Spain: Melusina.
Marcus, Eric. 1992/2002. Making Gay History. The Half-Century Fight for Lesbian and Gay Equal Rights. New York: Harper Collins.
Marten, Harry. Mexican Specters. 3 11 1985. Accesed October 10, 2016. http://www.nytimes.com/books/00/02/13/specials/burroughs-queer.html
McDowell, Edwin. "Publishing: New Burroughs Books". 23 11 1984. The New York Times. Accesed February 10, 2015. https://www.nytimes.com/books/00/02/13/specials/burroughs-publishing.html
Mérida Jiménez, Rafael M. and Díaz Fernández, Estrella. 2013. "Los diccionarios ante el argot "gay" en Espa-a (1970-1984)". In De parces y troncos. Nuevos enfoques sobre los argots hispánicos, ed. by Neus Vila Rubio. Lérida: Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 209-230.
Moore, Patrick. 2004. Beyond Shame. Reclaiming the Abandoned History of Radical Gay Sexuality. Boston: Beacon Press.
Penelope, Julia (Stanley) and Susan J. Wolfe. 1979. "Sexist Slang and the Gay Community: Are You One, Too?". Michigan Occasional Papers on Women's Studies: 1-19. Accesed October 9, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.aaf0222.0014.001:02
"QUEER - WILLIAM S. BURROUGHS." 12 12 2013. Das Bücherregal. Accesed October 11, 2016. http://dasbuecherregal.blogspot.com.ar/2013/12/queer-william-s-burroughs.html
Russell, Jamie. 2001. Queer Burroughs. New York: Palgrave. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780312299378
Salas, Roger. "'Queer', glosario de un maldito". 04 02 2014. El País. Accesed October 11, 2016. http://cultura.elpais.com/cultura/2014/02/04/actualidad/1391541587_007557.html
Sapir, Edward. 1958. "The Status of Linguistics as a Science". In Culture, Language and Personality, ed. by D. G. Mandelbaum. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Schjeldahl, Peter. "The Outlaw". 03 02 2014. The New Yorker. Accesed October 10, 2016. http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/02/03/the-outlaw-2
Sontag, Susan. 1961/2001."Notes on 'Camp'". Against Interpretation. New York: Picador, 275-292.
Spivak, Gayatri. 1993. "The Politics of Translation". Outside in the Teaching Machine. New York: Routledge, 179-200.
Venuti, Lawrence. 1995. The Translator's Invisibility. A History of Translation. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203360064
Whorf, Benjamin Lee. 1956. "Language, Thought and Reality: selected writings of Benjamin Lee Whorf." Ed. John B. Carroll. Cambridge, Massachussetts: MIT.
Bronski, Michael. 2000. The Pleasure Principle, Sex, Backlash, and The Struggle For Gay Freedom. New York: Stonewall Inn Editions.
Burroughs, William. 2012. Junky: The Definitive Text of Junk. New York: Grove Press.
Burroughs, William. 1985/1987. Queer. New York.: Penguin.
Burroughs, William. 2013. Queer. [orig. Queer]. Translated by Marcial Souto. Barcelona: Anagrama.
Burton, William M. "Inverting the Text: A Proposed Queer Translation Praxis". 13 03 2011. William M. Burton. Accesed October 9, 2016. http://williamburton.net/inverting
D'Emilio, John. 1998. Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities. 2nd. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226922454.001.0001
Enríquez Aranda, María Mercedes. 2005. "La recepción de la poesía de John Keats a través de sus traducciones al espa-ol en el siglo XX". Doctoral Thesis. Universidad de Málaga.
Foucault, Michel. 1977/1980a. "A Preface to Transgression". In Language, Counter-Memory, Practice. Selected Essays and Interviews by Michel Foucault, ed. by Donald F. Bouchard. Trans. Donald F. Bouchard and Sherry Simon. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 29-52.
Foucault, Michel. 1978/1990. The History of Sexuality. Vol. 1. Translated by Robert Hurley. New York: Random House.
Glick, Elisa. 2009."Gutter Dandyism. The Queer Junkie in Cold War America". Warhol, Materializing Queer Desire. Oscar Wilde to Andy. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Harris, Oliver. 2000. "Can You See a Virus? The Queer Cold War of William Burroughs". Journal of American Studies: 243–266.
Harvey, Keith. 2000. "Translating Camp Talk. Gay Identities and Cultural Transfer". In The Translation Studies Reader ed. by Lawrence Venuti. London / New York: Routledge, 446-467.
Hocquenghem, Guy. 1972/2009. El deseo homosexual. Translated by Geoffroy Huard de la Marre. Spain: Melusina.
Marcus, Eric. 1992/2002. Making Gay History. The Half-Century Fight for Lesbian and Gay Equal Rights. New York: Harper Collins.
Marten, Harry. Mexican Specters. 3 11 1985. Accesed October 10, 2016. http://www.nytimes.com/books/00/02/13/specials/burroughs-queer.html
McDowell, Edwin. "Publishing: New Burroughs Books". 23 11 1984. The New York Times. Accesed February 10, 2015. https://www.nytimes.com/books/00/02/13/specials/burroughs-publishing.html
Mérida Jiménez, Rafael M. and Díaz Fernández, Estrella. 2013. "Los diccionarios ante el argot "gay" en Espa-a (1970-1984)". In De parces y troncos. Nuevos enfoques sobre los argots hispánicos, ed. by Neus Vila Rubio. Lérida: Edicions de la Universitat de Lleida, 209-230.
Moore, Patrick. 2004. Beyond Shame. Reclaiming the Abandoned History of Radical Gay Sexuality. Boston: Beacon Press.
Penelope, Julia (Stanley) and Susan J. Wolfe. 1979. "Sexist Slang and the Gay Community: Are You One, Too?". Michigan Occasional Papers on Women's Studies: 1-19. Accesed October 9, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.aaf0222.0014.001:02
"QUEER - WILLIAM S. BURROUGHS." 12 12 2013. Das Bücherregal. Accesed October 11, 2016. http://dasbuecherregal.blogspot.com.ar/2013/12/queer-william-s-burroughs.html
Russell, Jamie. 2001. Queer Burroughs. New York: Palgrave. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780312299378
Salas, Roger. "'Queer', glosario de un maldito". 04 02 2014. El País. Accesed October 11, 2016. http://cultura.elpais.com/cultura/2014/02/04/actualidad/1391541587_007557.html
Sapir, Edward. 1958. "The Status of Linguistics as a Science". In Culture, Language and Personality, ed. by D. G. Mandelbaum. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Schjeldahl, Peter. "The Outlaw". 03 02 2014. The New Yorker. Accesed October 10, 2016. http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/02/03/the-outlaw-2
Sontag, Susan. 1961/2001."Notes on 'Camp'". Against Interpretation. New York: Picador, 275-292.
Spivak, Gayatri. 1993. "The Politics of Translation". Outside in the Teaching Machine. New York: Routledge, 179-200.
Venuti, Lawrence. 1995. The Translator's Invisibility. A History of Translation. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203360064
Whorf, Benjamin Lee. 1956. "Language, Thought and Reality: selected writings of Benjamin Lee Whorf." Ed. John B. Carroll. Cambridge, Massachussetts: MIT.
Badenes, G. (2017). How Queer is Queer? Burroughs’ Novella through Rose-Tinted Glasses. CLINA Revista Interdisciplinaria De Traducción Interpretación Y Comunicación Intercultural, 3(1), 99–115. https://doi.org/10.14201/clina20173197115
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