Technical Artifacts and Gender Dispositions
Abstract This article attempts to explain the sense in which the sexual division of labor is originally articulated by a set of technical artifacts that determine and define it. Specifically, the role of artifacts is to activate gender normativity. How they activate the norm depends on how agents are intepellated by the norm. According to ascriptivism, we are evaluable under gender norms because of the social position we occupy. According to voluntarism, we are evaluable under gender norms because we subjectively endorse the norm. Both viewpoints are partly right and can be integrated into a dispositional definition of gender, by which we are evaluable under gender norms by virtue of the way we subjectively inhabit the social position. The relationship between gender normativity and artifacts can then be defined by virtue of the ways artifacts activate gendered dispositions.
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ZAFRA, Remedios. (H)adas Mujeres que crean, programan, prosumen, teclean. Madrid, Páginas de Espuma, 2013.
BOURDIEU, Pierre. La Dominacio?n Masculina. Trad. Joaquín Jordá. Barcelona Anagrama, 2000.
BRENDEL, Elke. «The Epistemic Function of Virtuous Dispositions». En Gregor Damschen, Robert Schnepf y Karsten R. Stüber (Ed.), Debating Dispositions; Issues in Metaphysics, Epistemology and Philosophy of Mind, 320-40. Berlín/Boston, de Gruyter, 2009.
BRONCANO, Fernando. «In media res: cultura material y artefactos». ArtefaCToS, 1 (2008): 18-32.
BRONCANO, Fernando. La melancoli?a del ciborg. Barcelona, Herder, 2009.
CODE, Lorraine. «Taking Subjectivity into Account». En Lorraine Code, Claudia W Ruitenberg and D.C Phillips (Ed.), Education, Culture and Epistemological Diversity: Mapping a Disputed Terrain, 85-100. Dordrecht, Springer Netherlands, 2012.
COCKBURN, Cynthia. Machinery Of Dominance: Women, Men, And Technical Know-How. Londres, Pluto Press, 1985.
COCKBURN, Cynthia. «The circuit of technology: gender, identity and power». En Roger Silverstone and Eric Hirsch (Ed.), Consuming Technologies: Media and Information in Domestic Spaces, 29-42. Nueva York, Routledge, 1992.
DIÉGUEZ, Antonio. Transhumanismo. Barcelona, Herder Editorial, 2017.
DOTSON, Kristie. «Conceptualizing Epistemic Oppression». Social Epistemology 28, 2, (2014): 115-138.
FAULKNER, Wendy, y ERIK Arnold. Smothered by Invention: Technology in Women’s Lives. Londres, Pluto Press, 1985.
FEDERICI, Silvia. El patriarcado del salario: Críticas feministas al marxismo. Trad. María Aránzazu Catalán Altuna. Madrid, Traficantes de Sueños, 2018.
FLORIDI, Luciano. «Information ethics: an environmental approach to the digital divide». Philosophy in the Contemporary World 9, 1, (2002): 39–45.
GELL, Alfred. Arte y agencia. Una teoría antropológica. Trad. Guillermo Wilde. Buenos Aires, Oxford University Press, 1998.
CHOI, Sungho, and Michael FARA. ‘Dispositions’ Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 2018. Recuperado el 25 de agosto de 2019, de https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2018/entries/dispositions.
FINN, Ed. La búsqueda del algoritmo: imaginación en la era de la informática Trad. Héctor Castells Albareda, Barcelona, Alpha De-cay, 2018.
FOGG, B. J. Persuasive technology: using computers to change what we think and do. Amsterdam, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2003.
GRIFFITHS, S. «The Exclusion of Women from Technology». En Wendy Faulkner y E. Arnold (Eds.), Smothered by Invention: Techno-logy in Women’s Lives. Londres, Pluto Press, 1985.
GRINT, Keith, y ROSALIND Gill. «The Gender-technology Relation: Contemporary Theory and Research». In Keith Grint y Rosalind Gill (Eds.), The Gender-technology Relation: Contemporary Theory and Research, 1-28. Londres, Taylor & Francis, 1995.
GURER, Denise. «Pioneering Women in Computer Science». Communications of the ACM 38, 1 (1995): 45-54.
HASLANGER, Sally. Resisting reality: social construction and social critique. Nueva York, Oxford University Press, 2012.
HASLANGER, Sally. «What is a (social) structural explanation?». Philosophical Studies 173, 1, (2016): 113-130.
HEIL, John. «Dispositions». Synthese 144, (2005): 343-356.
JACOBS, Jane. The Death and Life of Great American Cities. Nueva York, Harmondsworth, Penguin Books in Association with Jonathan Cape, 1965.
KOPYTOFF, Igor. «The Cultural Biography Of Things». En Arjun Appadurai (Ed.), The Social Life Of Things, 64-91. Cambridge, Cam-bridge University Press, 1986.
LIZARDO, Omar. «The cognitive origins of Bourdieu’s habitus». Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 34, 4, (2004): 375–401.
MCKITRICK, Jennifer. «A dispositional account of gender». Philosophical Studies 172, 10 (2015): 2575-2589.
MCNEIL, Maureen. «It’s a Man’s World». En Maureen McNeil (Ed.), In Gender and Expertise, 187-97. Londres, Free Association Books, 1987.
MEDINA, Jose. «What’s So Special about Self-Knowledge?». Philosophical Studies 129, 3 (2006): 575-603.
MILLER, Daniel. Stuff. Cambridge, Polity Press, 2010.
PARISER, Eli. The Filter Bubble: How the New Personalized Web Is Changing What We Read and How We Think. Nueva York, Penguin Books, 2012.
PÉREZ SEDEÑO, Eulalia; Esther ORTEGA ARJONILLA y Sven BERGMANN. Cartografías del cuerpo: biopolíticas de la ciencia y la tecnología. Valencia, Cátedra, Universat de València, 2014.
PRESTON, Beth. A Philosophy of Material Culture: Action, Function, and Mind. Nueva York, Routledge, 2012.
SEWELL, William H. «A Theory of Structure: Duality, Agency, and Transformation». American Journal of Sociology 98, 1, (1992): 1-29.
SHOTWELL, Alexis. «Forms of Knowing and Epistemic Resources». In Kidd Ian James, Jose? Medina and Gaile Pohlhaus (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Epistemic Injustice, 79-88. Londres, Routledge, 2017.
TILLEY, Christopher. «Materiality in Materials» Archaeological Dialogues 14, 1, (2007): 16–20.
VAN DEURSEN, Alexander J.A.M., and Jan A.G.M. VAN DIJK. «The first-level digital divide shifts from inequalities in physical access to inequalities in material access». New Media & Society 21, 2, (2019): 354-375.
VEGA, Jesús. «Enredarse con las cosas. Experiencias contemporáneas con lo material». Ponencia presentada en el Ciclo de Confe-rencias Nuevos Materialismos, Museo Reina Sofía, Madrid, mayo 2018.
VEGA, Jesús. «Técnica, normatividad y sobrenaturaleza. Una ontología para un mundo de artefactos». Revista Internacional de Tecnología, Conocimiento y Sociedad 1,1, 2011: 1-15.
VEGA, Jesús, y MUÑOZ Serrano, María. «Atomism, Artefacts, and Affordances». En Belén Laspra Pérez y José Antonio López Cerezo (Eds.), Spanish Philosophy of Technology: Contemporary Work from the Spanish Speaking Community, 3-15. Cham, Springer, 2018.
WAJCMAN, Judy. Feminism Confronts Technology. Cambridge UK, Pennsylvania State University Press, 1991.
WAJCMAN, Judy. Technofeminism. Cambridge, Polity Press, 2004.
WITT, Charlote. The metaphysics of gender. Nueva York, Oxford University Press , 2011.
WITT, Charlote. «Voluntarism About Gender». Ponencia presentada en la 11th Biennial Collective Intentionality Conference, de la Social Ontology Society, Tufts University, Boston (MA), EE.UU., agosto 2018.
WITTGENSTEIN, Ludwig. On Certainty. Oxford, Blackwell, 1969.
ZAFRA, Remedios. (H)adas Mujeres que crean, programan, prosumen, teclean. Madrid, Páginas de Espuma, 2013.
Bernabéu Franch, C. (2022). Technical Artifacts and Gender Dispositions. Azafea: Revista De Filosofía, 24, 113–137. https://doi.org/10.14201/azafea202224113137
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