El interés de los latinoamericanos por los asuntos internacionales
Resumen Si bien existen numerosas investigaciones sobre el interés y el conocimiento de los ciudadanos sobre los asuntos internacionales en los Estados Unidos y Europa, los estudios comparados sobre estos temas en América Latina siguen siendo escasos. Este artículo pretende extender el conocimiento sobre este fenómeno a la región usando la encuesta “Las Américas y el Mundo” realizada en 2014/5 en siete de los principales países de América Latina. Si bien existen diferencias entre países, este artículo busca identificar patrones comunes como el amplio interés que tienen los latinoamericanos por las noticias internacionales, especialmente cuando estas implican a su país de origen. Sin embargo, los resultados preliminares cuestionan la existencia de una brecha de género en el consumo de noticias internacionales, identificada por la literatura comparada.
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Batista, F. (2020). Assessing Political Knowledge Scales Across Countries. Evidence from Latin America. Revista Latinoamericana de Opinión Pública, 9(1), 37-62. https://doi.org/10.14201/rlop.22687
Benesch, C. (2012). An Empirical Analysis of the Gender Gap in News Consumption, Journal of Media Economics, 25(3), 147-167. https://doi.org/10.1080/08997764.2012.700976
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Chang, T. K. (1998). All Countries Not Created Equal to Be News: World System and International Communication. Communication Research, 25(5), 528-563.
Crowne, D. P., y Marlowe, D. (1960). A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 24(4), 349-354.
Dans, E. (2000). Internet Newspapers: Are Some More Equal than Others? Journal on Media Management, 2(1), 4-13.
Drezner, D. (2008). The Realist Tradition in American Public Opinion. Perspectives on Politics, 6(1), 51-70.
Elff, M. (2009, 2-5 abril). Political Knowledge in Comparative Perspective: The Problem of Cross- National Equivalence of Measurement [Ponencia]. MPSA Annual National Conference. Palmer House, Chicago, Il.
Galtung, J., y Ruge, M. H. (1965). The structure of foreign news. Journal of Peace Research 2(1), 64-91.
Garcé, A., D’Avenia, L., López, C. y Villegas, B. (2018) Political Knowledge Regimes and policy change in Chile and Uruguay. On Think Tanks Working Paper 3.
Gilboa, E. (2002). Global Communication and Foreign Policy. Journal of Communications 52(4), 731-748.
Grasland, C. (2020). International news flow theory revisited through a space-time interaction model: Application to a sample of 320,000 international news stories published through RSS flows by 31 daily newspapers in 2015. International Communication Gazette, 82(3), 231-259.
Holsti, O. (1992). Public Opinion and Foreign Policy: Challenges to the Almond-Lippmann Consensus. Mershon Series: Research Programs and Debates. International Studies Quarterly, 36, 439-466.
Holsti, O. (2004). Public Opinion and American Foreign Policy. University of Michigan Press.
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Jerit, J., Barabas J and Bolsen, T. (2006). ‘‘Citizens, Knowledge, and the Information Environment.’’ American Journal of Political Science, 50(2), 266-282.
Joye, S. (2010). Around the world in 8 pages? A longitudinal analysis of international news coverage in Flemish newspapers (1986-2006). En D. Biltereyst y S. Van Bauwel (Eds.), Working Papers Film & TV Studies (1st ed., Vol. 2010). Academia Press.
Klingberg, F. (1952). The Historical Alternation of Moods in American Foreign Policy. World Politics, 4(2), 239-273.
LatinLink (2015) The Data Every Latin American Digital Marketer Needs. http://latinlink.usmediaconsulting.com/2015/02/the-data-every-latin-american-digital-marketer-needs/
Lavrakas, P. J. (2008). Social Desirability. En Encyclopedia of survey research methods (Vols. 1-0). Sage Publications, Inc. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412963947
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Mondak, J. (2001). Developing Valid Knowledge Scales. American Journal of Political Science, 45(1), 224-238.
Morales, R y Schiavon, J. (2015). El efecto de la opinión pública en la política exterior de México: contrastando las teorías realistas y liberales. Foro internacional, 55(3), 669-706.
Morgenthau, H. (1948). Politics Among Nations. The Struggle for Power and Peace. Alfred A. Knopf.
Mouron, F., Hardt, M. S., y Onuki, J. (2018). Conocimiento político internacional a partir de un enfoque individual y de contexto: evidencia desde Brasil. Revista SAAP: Sociedad Argentina de Análisis Político, 12(1), 131-153.
Naveh, C. (2002). The Role of the Media in Foreign Policy Decision-Making: A Theoretical Framework. Conflict & Communication online, 1(2), 1-14.
Newman, N., Dutton, W., y Blank, G. (2013). Social media in the changing ecology of news: the fourth and fifth estates in Britain. International Journal of Internet Science, 7(1), 6-22.
Norris, P. (1997). Women, media, and politics. Oxford University Press.
Nossek, H. (2004). Our News and their News: The Role of National Identity in the Coverage of Foreign News. Journalism, 5(3), 343-368.
Olmastroni, F. (2017). The alleged consensus: Italian elites and publics on foreign policy. Italian Political Science Review/Rivista Italiana Di Scienza Politica, 47(2), 149-182.
Pew Research Center. (2007). Public Knowledge of Current Affairs Little Changed by News and Information Revolutions. What Americans Know: 1989-2007. http://www.people-press.org/2007/04/15/public-knowledge-of-current-affairs-little-changed-by-news-and-information-revolutions/
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Pew Research Center. (2008). Where Men and Women Differ in Following the News. http://www.pewresearch.org/2008/02/06/where-men-and-women-differ-
in-following-the-news/
Poindexter, P. M., Meraz, S., y Schmitz Weiss, A. (2008). Women, Men, and News: Divided and disconnected in the news media landscape. Routledge.
Reuters. (2014). Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2014. https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/our-research/digital-news-report-2014
SEPP. (2015). Somos los mayores lectores de diarios de la región. http://sepp.pe/somos-los-mayores-lectores-de-diarios-de-la-region/
Smith, S., Hadfield, A. and Dunne, T. (2016). Foreign Policy: Theories, Actors, Cases. Oxford University Press.
Steiner, Z. (1987). Decision-Making in American and British Foreign Policy: An Open and Shut Case. Review of International Studies, 13(1), 1-18.
Wu, D. (2000). Systemic determinants of international news coverage: A comparison of 38 countries. Journal of Communication, 50(2), 110-130.
Almond, G. (1960). The American People and Foreign Policy. Praeger.
American Press Institute. (2014). Social and demographic differences in news habits and attitudes. https://www.americanpressinstitute.org/publications/reports/survey-research/social-demographic-differences-news-habits-attitudes/
Batista, F. (2020). Assessing Political Knowledge Scales Across Countries. Evidence from Latin America. Revista Latinoamericana de Opinión Pública, 9(1), 37-62. https://doi.org/10.14201/rlop.22687
Benesch, C. (2012). An Empirical Analysis of the Gender Gap in News Consumption, Journal of Media Economics, 25(3), 147-167. https://doi.org/10.1080/08997764.2012.700976
Bennett, S. E., Flickinger, R. S., Baker, J. R., Rhine, S. L., y Bennett, L. L. M. (1996). Citizens’ Knowledge of Foreign Affairs. Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 1(2), 10-29.
Caspary, W. (1970). The “Mood Theory”: A Study of Public Opinion and Foreign Policy. American Political Science Review, 64(2), 536-547. https://doi.org/10.2307/1953848
Chang, T. K. (1998). All Countries Not Created Equal to Be News: World System and International Communication. Communication Research, 25(5), 528-563.
Crowne, D. P., y Marlowe, D. (1960). A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 24(4), 349-354.
Dans, E. (2000). Internet Newspapers: Are Some More Equal than Others? Journal on Media Management, 2(1), 4-13.
Drezner, D. (2008). The Realist Tradition in American Public Opinion. Perspectives on Politics, 6(1), 51-70.
Elff, M. (2009, 2-5 abril). Political Knowledge in Comparative Perspective: The Problem of Cross- National Equivalence of Measurement [Ponencia]. MPSA Annual National Conference. Palmer House, Chicago, Il.
Galtung, J., y Ruge, M. H. (1965). The structure of foreign news. Journal of Peace Research 2(1), 64-91.
Garcé, A., D’Avenia, L., López, C. y Villegas, B. (2018) Political Knowledge Regimes and policy change in Chile and Uruguay. On Think Tanks Working Paper 3.
Gilboa, E. (2002). Global Communication and Foreign Policy. Journal of Communications 52(4), 731-748.
Grasland, C. (2020). International news flow theory revisited through a space-time interaction model: Application to a sample of 320,000 international news stories published through RSS flows by 31 daily newspapers in 2015. International Communication Gazette, 82(3), 231-259.
Holsti, O. (1992). Public Opinion and Foreign Policy: Challenges to the Almond-Lippmann Consensus. Mershon Series: Research Programs and Debates. International Studies Quarterly, 36, 439-466.
Holsti, O. (2004). Public Opinion and American Foreign Policy. University of Michigan Press.
Internet World Stats. (2020). https://www.internetworldstats.com/south.htm.
Jerit, J., Barabas J and Bolsen, T. (2006). ‘‘Citizens, Knowledge, and the Information Environment.’’ American Journal of Political Science, 50(2), 266-282.
Joye, S. (2010). Around the world in 8 pages? A longitudinal analysis of international news coverage in Flemish newspapers (1986-2006). En D. Biltereyst y S. Van Bauwel (Eds.), Working Papers Film & TV Studies (1st ed., Vol. 2010). Academia Press.
Klingberg, F. (1952). The Historical Alternation of Moods in American Foreign Policy. World Politics, 4(2), 239-273.
LatinLink (2015) The Data Every Latin American Digital Marketer Needs. http://latinlink.usmediaconsulting.com/2015/02/the-data-every-latin-american-digital-marketer-needs/
Lavrakas, P. J. (2008). Social Desirability. En Encyclopedia of survey research methods (Vols. 1-0). Sage Publications, Inc. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412963947
Lee, C. C. y Yang, J. (1996). Foreign news and national interest: Comparing U.S. and Japanese coverage of a Chinese student movement. International Communication Gazette, 56, 1-18.
Levy, D (2012) Evidence on Interest in and Consumption of Foreign News. Reuter Digital News Report. Disponible en: https://www.digitalnewsreport.org/essays/2012/evidence-on-interest-in-and-consumption-of-foreign-news/.
Lopes, D. B. (2013). Política externa e democracia no Brasil. Editora UNESP.
Mondak, J. (2001). Developing Valid Knowledge Scales. American Journal of Political Science, 45(1), 224-238.
Morales, R y Schiavon, J. (2015). El efecto de la opinión pública en la política exterior de México: contrastando las teorías realistas y liberales. Foro internacional, 55(3), 669-706.
Morgenthau, H. (1948). Politics Among Nations. The Struggle for Power and Peace. Alfred A. Knopf.
Mouron, F., Hardt, M. S., y Onuki, J. (2018). Conocimiento político internacional a partir de un enfoque individual y de contexto: evidencia desde Brasil. Revista SAAP: Sociedad Argentina de Análisis Político, 12(1), 131-153.
Naveh, C. (2002). The Role of the Media in Foreign Policy Decision-Making: A Theoretical Framework. Conflict & Communication online, 1(2), 1-14.
Newman, N., Dutton, W., y Blank, G. (2013). Social media in the changing ecology of news: the fourth and fifth estates in Britain. International Journal of Internet Science, 7(1), 6-22.
Norris, P. (1997). Women, media, and politics. Oxford University Press.
Nossek, H. (2004). Our News and their News: The Role of National Identity in the Coverage of Foreign News. Journalism, 5(3), 343-368.
Olmastroni, F. (2017). The alleged consensus: Italian elites and publics on foreign policy. Italian Political Science Review/Rivista Italiana Di Scienza Politica, 47(2), 149-182.
Pew Research Center. (2007). Public Knowledge of Current Affairs Little Changed by News and Information Revolutions. What Americans Know: 1989-2007. http://www.people-press.org/2007/04/15/public-knowledge-of-current-affairs-little-changed-by-news-and-information-revolutions/
Pew Research Center. (2018). Publics Globally Want Unbiased News Coverage, but Are Divided on Whether Their News Media Deliver. Disponible en: https://www.pewresearch.org/global/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/01/Publics-Globally-Want-Unbiased-News-Coverage-but-Are-Divided-on-Whether-Their-News-Media-Deliver_Full-Report-and-Topline-UPDATED.pdf
Pew Research Center. (2008). Where Men and Women Differ in Following the News. http://www.pewresearch.org/2008/02/06/where-men-and-women-differ-
in-following-the-news/
Poindexter, P. M., Meraz, S., y Schmitz Weiss, A. (2008). Women, Men, and News: Divided and disconnected in the news media landscape. Routledge.
Reuters. (2014). Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2014. https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/our-research/digital-news-report-2014
SEPP. (2015). Somos los mayores lectores de diarios de la región. http://sepp.pe/somos-los-mayores-lectores-de-diarios-de-la-region/
Smith, S., Hadfield, A. and Dunne, T. (2016). Foreign Policy: Theories, Actors, Cases. Oxford University Press.
Steiner, Z. (1987). Decision-Making in American and British Foreign Policy: An Open and Shut Case. Review of International Studies, 13(1), 1-18.
Wu, D. (2000). Systemic determinants of international news coverage: A comparison of 38 countries. Journal of Communication, 50(2), 110-130.
López Varas, M. Ángel. (2021). El interés de los latinoamericanos por los asuntos internacionales. Revista Latinoamericana De Opinión Pública, 10(1), 165–178. https://doi.org/10.14201/rlop.22922
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