Support for democracy in Venezuela: Does trust in Hugo Chávez play any role?
Abstract By applying regression analysis to data from the 2010 Latin American Public Opinion Project’s “AmericasBarometer” surveys, this paper examines the correlates of citizen support for democracy in Venezuela. Special attention is paid to evaluations of current economic conditions, satisfaction with the functioning of democracy and trust in the President as potential explanatory variables. The analysis of the models reveals at least two conceptions of democracy present among Venezuelans, which are strongly influenced by the degree of trust in the President citizens feel. The findings suggest the need of studying support for democracy through more complex scopes, in order to acquire better understandings of citizens’ attitudes towards their political systems.
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Sarsfield, R. & F. Echegaray (2006), “Opening the Black Box: How Satisfaction with Democracy and its Perceived Efficacy Affect Regime Preference in Latin America”, in International Journal of Public Opinion Research 18(2), pp. 153-173.
-- (2008), “Looking Behind the Window: Measuring Instrumental and Normative Reasoning in Support for Democracy”, in Afrobarometer Working Paper Series #97.
Schedler, A. & R. Sarsfield (2007), “Democrats with adjectives: Linking direct and indirect measures of democratic support”, in European Journal of Political Research 46(5), pp. 637-659.
Seligson, M. (2007), “The Rise of Populism and the Left in Latin America”, in Journal of Democracy 18(3), pp. 81-95.
Whitefield, S. & G. Evans (1999), “Political culture versus rational choice: explaining responses to transition in the Czech Republic and Slovakia”, in British Journal of Political Science 29(01), pp. 129-154.
Booth, J. & M. Seligson (2005), “Political Legitimacy and Participation in Costa Rica: Evidence of Arena Shopping”, in Political Research Quarterly 58(4), pp. 537?550.
-- (2009), The Legitimacy Puzzle in Latin America: Political Support and Democracy in Eight Nations, Cambridge University Press. Bratton, M. (2002), “Wide but Shallow: Popular Support for Democracy in Africa”, in Afrobarometer Working Paper Series #19.
Bratton, M. & R. Mattes (2001), “Support for Democracy in Africa: Intrinsic or Instrumental?”, in British Journal of Political Science 31(3), pp. 447?474. Carlin, R. & M. Singer (2011), “Support for Polyarchy in the Americas”, in Comparative Political Studies 44(11), pp. 1500-1526.
Citrin, J. (1974), “Comment: The Political Relevance of Trust in Government”, in The American Political Science Review 68(3), pp. 973-988.
Crozier, M., S.P. Huntington & J. Watanuki (1975), The Crisis of Democracy: Report on the Governability of Democracies to the Trilateral Commission, New York: New York University Press.
Dalton, R.J. (1999), “Political Support in Advanced Industrial Democracies”, in P. Norris (Ed.), Critical Citizens: Global Support for Democratic Government , Oxford University Press, pp. 57-78.
-- (2004), Democratic Challenges, Democratic Choices: The Erosion of Political Support in Advanced Industrial Democracies, New York, Oxford University Press.
Dennis, J. (1966), “Support for the party system by the mass public”, in The American Political Science Review 60(3), pp. 600-615.
Diamond, L. (2002), “Consolidating democracies”, in L. LeDuc, R. G. Niemi, & P. Norris (Eds.), Comparing Democracies 2: new challenges in the study of elections and voting, Vol. 2, London, Sage, pp. 210-227.
Diamond, L. & L. Morlino (2004), “The Quality of Democracy: An Overview”, in Journal of Democracy 15(4), pp. 20-31. Easton, D. (1965), A Systems Analysis of Political Life, New York, Wiley.
-- (1975), “A Re-Assessment of the Concept of Political Support”, in British Journal of Political Science 5(04), pp. 435-457.
Easton, D. & J. Dennis (1967), “The child’s acquisition of regime norms: Political efficacy”, in The American Political Science Review 61(1), pp. 25-38.
Evans, G. & S. Whitefield (1995), “The politics and economics of democratic commitment: Support for democracy in transition societies”, in British Journal of Political Science 25(04), pp. 485-514.
Fuchs, D., G. Guidorossi & P. Svensson (1995), “Support for the Democratic System”, in H.-D. Klingemann & D. Fuchs (Eds.), Citizens and the State, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 323-353.
Huang, M., Y. Chang & Y. Chu (2008), “Identifying sources of democratic legitimacy: A multilevel analysis”, in Electoral Studies 27(1), pp. 45-62.
Inglehart, R. (2003), “How Solid is Mass Support for Democracy - And How Can We Measure It?”, in PS: Political Science & Politics 36(01), pp. 51-57.
Klingemann, H.-D. (1999), “Mapping Political Support in the 1990s: A Global Analysis”, in P. Norris (Ed.), Critical Citizens: Global Support for Democratic Government , Oxford, Oxford University Press, pp. 31-56. Lagos, M. (2003a), “Support for and Satisfaction with Democracy”, in International Journal of Public Opinion Research 15(4), pp. 471-487.
-- (2003b), “A road with no return?”, in Journal of Democracy 14(2), pp. 163-173.
-- (2008), “Latin America’s Diversity of Views”, in Journal of Democracy 19(1), pp. 111-125.
Linz, J.J. (1978), The Breakdown of Democratic Regimes: Crisis, Breakdown and Reequilibration, Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Linz, J.J. & A.C. Stepan (1996), Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe, Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Lipset, S.M. (1959), “Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy”, in The American Political Science Review 53(1), pp. 69-105.
-- (1994), “The Social Requisites of Democracy Revisited: 1993 Presidential Address”, in American Sociological Review 59(1), pp. 1-22.
Mattes, R. & M. Bratton (2007), “Learning about Democracy in Africa: Awareness, Performance, and Experience”, in American Journal of Political Science 51(1), pp. 192-217.
Miller, A.H. (1974), “Political Issues and Trust in the Government: 1964-1970”, in The American Political Science Review 68(3), pp. 951-972.
Mishler, W. & R. Rose (2001), “Political Support for Incomplete Democracies: Realist vs. Idealist Theories and Measures”, in International Political Science Review 22(4), pp. 303-320.
Norris, P. (1999), Critical Citizens: Global Support for Democratic Government, Oxford University Press. Putnam, R.D. (1993), Making Democracy Work, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
Sarsfield, R. & F. Echegaray (2006), “Opening the Black Box: How Satisfaction with Democracy and its Perceived Efficacy Affect Regime Preference in Latin America”, in International Journal of Public Opinion Research 18(2), pp. 153-173.
-- (2008), “Looking Behind the Window: Measuring Instrumental and Normative Reasoning in Support for Democracy”, in Afrobarometer Working Paper Series #97.
Schedler, A. & R. Sarsfield (2007), “Democrats with adjectives: Linking direct and indirect measures of democratic support”, in European Journal of Political Research 46(5), pp. 637-659.
Seligson, M. (2007), “The Rise of Populism and the Left in Latin America”, in Journal of Democracy 18(3), pp. 81-95.
Whitefield, S. & G. Evans (1999), “Political culture versus rational choice: explaining responses to transition in the Czech Republic and Slovakia”, in British Journal of Political Science 29(01), pp. 129-154.
Moncagatta, P. (2013). Support for democracy in Venezuela: Does trust in Hugo Chávez play any role?. Revista Latinoamericana De Opinión Pública, 3, 113–141. https://doi.org/10.14201/rlop.22292
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