Elecciones presidenciales mayoritarias en América latina

Abstract

The article analyses the types of majoritariam second ballot systems adopted in Latin America for presidential elections. After classifying the diverse range of run-off ballot system, and rewing the principal contributions made by specialist studies on the topic, the article attempts the effects of this systems over the fragmentation, the polarization and the democracy stability. The article concludes that the electoral formula with absolute majority combined with in coactive party systems is a difficult option for the democratic stability. The second conclusion refers that the systems of special majority (less than 50%) are efficient institutes for the configuration of boards with low fragmentation and low ideological polarization.