Cervical hemangiomas. Description of four cases
Abstract Introduction and objective: The hemangioma is a tumor that consists of dilation and thickening of capillary loops. Most ot these tumors are present at birth or little bit later and they are the most common tumors in the pediatric population. 60% of all of them are located in head and neck. In neck they show soft consistency without pain. Case description: We report four cases of cervical hemangiomas seen in our department in one year. They were located in the external yugular vein, the submaxilar gland and at submucosal hypopharyngeal and cervical posterior level. Discussion: Hemangiomas have an unknown etiology and they are located in any anatomic location although the highest prevalence is in head and neck. The differential diagnosis include vascular phlebectasias, branchial cysts, laryngoceles and lymphangiomas. The treatment of choice goes from conservative measures to surgical excision due to rapid growth or aesthetic reasons. Conclusions: Hemangiomas must be included in the differential diagnosis of cervical tumors. They are frecuently confused with vascular phlebectasias. Treatment is usually the surgical resection.
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Álvarez MJ, García A, Díez JL, Becerra P, Ferrón A. Cervical esophageal hemangioma. Cir Esp. 2014; 92: 494-95.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ciresp.2013.09.010
PMid:24332636
Galindo BP, Lisbona MP, Orte C, Rodríguez I, Llano M, Llorente EM et al. Hemangioma cavernoso gigante en laringe. Descripción de un caso. Rev. Soc. Otorrinolaringol. Castilla Leon Cantab. La Rioja. 2015; 6: 45-49.
Zheng JW, Zhang L, Zhou Q, Mai HM, Wang YA, Fan XD et al. A practical guide to treatment of infantile hemangiomas of the head and neck. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2013; 6: 851-60.
PMid:24260591 PMCid:PMC3832322
Cho JH, Joo YH, Kim MS, Sun DI. Venous hemangioma of parapharyngeal space with calcification. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2011; 4: 207-09.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3342/ceo.2011.4.4.207
PMid:22232718 PMCid:PMC3250587
Zhang L, Zheng JW, Yuan WE. Treatment of alarming head and neck infantile hemangiomas with interferon alfa 2a: a clinical study in eleven consecutive patients. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2015; 9: 723-27.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S67682
PMid:25678777 PMCid:PMC4324326
Güneyli S, Ceylan N, Bayraktaroglu S, Acar T, Savas R. Imaging findings of vascular lesions in the head and neck. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2014; 20: 432-37.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/dir.2014.14004
PMid:25010372 PMCid:PMC4463337
Mulliken JB, Glowacki J. Hemangiomas and vascular malformations in infants and children: a classification based on endothelial characteristics. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1982; 69: 412.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-198203000-00002
Wassef M, Blei F, Adams D, Alomari A, Baselga E, Berenstein A et al. Vascular anomalies classification: Recommendations from the international society for the study of vascular anomalies. Pediatrics. 2015; 136: 203-14.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-3673
PMid:26055853
Goel S, Gupta S, Singh A, Prakash A, Ghosh S, Narang P et al. The current approach to the diagnosis of vascular anomalies of the head and neck: A pictorial essay. Imaging Sci Dent. 2015; 45: 123-31.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5624/isd.2015.45.2.123
PMid:26125008 PMCid:PMC4483619
Dasgupta A, Teerthanath S, Jayakumar M, Hs K, raju . Primary cavernous haemangioma of the thyroid- a case report. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014; 8: 151-52.
http://dx.doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2014/6854.4038
V P, Puppala N, Deshmukh SN, B J, S A. Cavernous hemangioma of tongue: management of two cases. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014; 8: ZD 15-17.
Lee JC, Kim JW, Lee YJ, Lee SR, Park CR, Jung JP. Cervical esophageal hemangioma combined with thyroid cancer. Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2011; 44: 311-13.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5090/kjtcs.2011.44.4.311
PMid:22263178 PMCid:PMC3249329
Wang X, Zhao X, Zhu W. Resection of a laryngeal hemangioma in an adult using an ultrasonic scalpel: A case report. Oncol Lett. 2015; 9: 2477-80.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3069
Kiymaz N, Yilmaz N, Ozen S, Demir I, Gudu BO, Kozan A. Cavernous hemangioma presenting as a giant cervical mass: a case report. Turk Neurosurg. 2010; 20: 69-72.
PMid:20066626
Alami B, Lamrani Y, Addou O, Boubbou M, Kamaoui I, Maaroufi M et al. Presumptive intramuscular hemangioma of the masseter muscle. Am J Case Rep. 2015; 16: 16-19.
http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/AJCR.890776
PMid:25590509 PMCid:PMC4298281
Cankaya H, Unal O, Ugras S, Yuca K, Kiris M. Hemangioma with pheboliths in the sublingual gland: as a cause of submental opacity. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2003; 199: 187- 91.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1620/tjem.199.187
PMid:12703663
Murata Y, Yamada I, Umehara I, Ishii Y, Okada N. Perfusion and blood-pool scintigraphy in the evaluation of head and neck hemangiomas. J Nucl Med. 1997; 38: 882-85.
PMid:9189134
Lee Jk, Lim SC. Intramuscular hemangiomas of the mylohyoid and sternocleidomastoid muscle. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2005; 32: 323-27.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2005.03.020
PMid:15936911
Ricketts RR, Hatley RM, Corden BJ, Sabio H, Howell CG. Interferon-alpha-2a for the treatment of complex hemangiomas of infancy and childhood. Ann Surg. 1994; 219: 605-12.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000658-199406000-00003
PMid:8203969 PMCid:PMC1243204
Chang E, Boyd A, Nelson CC, et al. Successful treatment of infantile hemangiomas with interferon-alpha-2b. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1997; 19:237-44.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00043426-199705000-00011
PMid:9201147
Tamayo L, Ortiz DM, Orozco-Covarrubias L, et al. Therapeutic efficacy of interferon alfa-2b in infants with life-threatening giant hemangiomas. Arch Dermal. 1997; 133: 1567-71.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.1997.03890480087013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.133.12.1567
Anderson de Moreno LC, Matt BH, Montgomery G, Kim YJ. Propanolol in the treatment of upper airway hemangiomas. Ear Nose Throat. 2013; 92: 209-14.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ciresp.2013.09.010
PMid:24332636
Galindo BP, Lisbona MP, Orte C, Rodríguez I, Llano M, Llorente EM et al. Hemangioma cavernoso gigante en laringe. Descripción de un caso. Rev. Soc. Otorrinolaringol. Castilla Leon Cantab. La Rioja. 2015; 6: 45-49.
Zheng JW, Zhang L, Zhou Q, Mai HM, Wang YA, Fan XD et al. A practical guide to treatment of infantile hemangiomas of the head and neck. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2013; 6: 851-60.
PMid:24260591 PMCid:PMC3832322
Cho JH, Joo YH, Kim MS, Sun DI. Venous hemangioma of parapharyngeal space with calcification. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2011; 4: 207-09.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3342/ceo.2011.4.4.207
PMid:22232718 PMCid:PMC3250587
Zhang L, Zheng JW, Yuan WE. Treatment of alarming head and neck infantile hemangiomas with interferon alfa 2a: a clinical study in eleven consecutive patients. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2015; 9: 723-27.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S67682
PMid:25678777 PMCid:PMC4324326
Güneyli S, Ceylan N, Bayraktaroglu S, Acar T, Savas R. Imaging findings of vascular lesions in the head and neck. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2014; 20: 432-37.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/dir.2014.14004
PMid:25010372 PMCid:PMC4463337
Mulliken JB, Glowacki J. Hemangiomas and vascular malformations in infants and children: a classification based on endothelial characteristics. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1982; 69: 412.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-198203000-00002
Wassef M, Blei F, Adams D, Alomari A, Baselga E, Berenstein A et al. Vascular anomalies classification: Recommendations from the international society for the study of vascular anomalies. Pediatrics. 2015; 136: 203-14.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-3673
PMid:26055853
Goel S, Gupta S, Singh A, Prakash A, Ghosh S, Narang P et al. The current approach to the diagnosis of vascular anomalies of the head and neck: A pictorial essay. Imaging Sci Dent. 2015; 45: 123-31.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5624/isd.2015.45.2.123
PMid:26125008 PMCid:PMC4483619
Dasgupta A, Teerthanath S, Jayakumar M, Hs K, raju . Primary cavernous haemangioma of the thyroid- a case report. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014; 8: 151-52.
http://dx.doi.org/10.7860/jcdr/2014/6854.4038
V P, Puppala N, Deshmukh SN, B J, S A. Cavernous hemangioma of tongue: management of two cases. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014; 8: ZD 15-17.
Lee JC, Kim JW, Lee YJ, Lee SR, Park CR, Jung JP. Cervical esophageal hemangioma combined with thyroid cancer. Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2011; 44: 311-13.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5090/kjtcs.2011.44.4.311
PMid:22263178 PMCid:PMC3249329
Wang X, Zhao X, Zhu W. Resection of a laryngeal hemangioma in an adult using an ultrasonic scalpel: A case report. Oncol Lett. 2015; 9: 2477-80.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.3069
Kiymaz N, Yilmaz N, Ozen S, Demir I, Gudu BO, Kozan A. Cavernous hemangioma presenting as a giant cervical mass: a case report. Turk Neurosurg. 2010; 20: 69-72.
PMid:20066626
Alami B, Lamrani Y, Addou O, Boubbou M, Kamaoui I, Maaroufi M et al. Presumptive intramuscular hemangioma of the masseter muscle. Am J Case Rep. 2015; 16: 16-19.
http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/AJCR.890776
PMid:25590509 PMCid:PMC4298281
Cankaya H, Unal O, Ugras S, Yuca K, Kiris M. Hemangioma with pheboliths in the sublingual gland: as a cause of submental opacity. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2003; 199: 187- 91.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1620/tjem.199.187
PMid:12703663
Murata Y, Yamada I, Umehara I, Ishii Y, Okada N. Perfusion and blood-pool scintigraphy in the evaluation of head and neck hemangiomas. J Nucl Med. 1997; 38: 882-85.
PMid:9189134
Lee Jk, Lim SC. Intramuscular hemangiomas of the mylohyoid and sternocleidomastoid muscle. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2005; 32: 323-27.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2005.03.020
PMid:15936911
Ricketts RR, Hatley RM, Corden BJ, Sabio H, Howell CG. Interferon-alpha-2a for the treatment of complex hemangiomas of infancy and childhood. Ann Surg. 1994; 219: 605-12.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000658-199406000-00003
PMid:8203969 PMCid:PMC1243204
Chang E, Boyd A, Nelson CC, et al. Successful treatment of infantile hemangiomas with interferon-alpha-2b. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1997; 19:237-44.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00043426-199705000-00011
PMid:9201147
Tamayo L, Ortiz DM, Orozco-Covarrubias L, et al. Therapeutic efficacy of interferon alfa-2b in infants with life-threatening giant hemangiomas. Arch Dermal. 1997; 133: 1567-71.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.1997.03890480087013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.133.12.1567
Anderson de Moreno LC, Matt BH, Montgomery G, Kim YJ. Propanolol in the treatment of upper airway hemangiomas. Ear Nose Throat. 2013; 92: 209-14.
Torres-Morientes, L. M., Carranza-Calleja, M. A., Álvarez-quiñones-sanz, M., & Morais-Pérez, D. (2016). Cervical hemangiomas. Description of four cases. Revista ORL, 7(1), 39–44. https://doi.org/10.14201/orl.13614
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