El Dios lejos de su ciudad: la caida de Jerusalén en el año 70 EC. La mirada de Flavio Josefo a partir del Bellum Iudaicum
Resumen Una vez terminada la primera revuelta judía (66-70 EC), el kohen Yosef ben Matityahu –conocido desde el año 71 EC en la Roma de la época flavia como Titus Flavius Iosephus– escribió su primera obra titulada Bellum Iudaicum (75-79 EC) para ofrecer a los judíos y romanos una exposición de los acontecimientos que había vivido como exgeneral de Galilea. Sin embargo, BJ es más que un relato militar: es la última página de la historia sagrada del ἔθνος τῶν Ἰουδαίων antes de la destrucción del Templo. Esta destrucción –según Josefo– se debió a la ἀσέβεια de los grupos rebeldes que generaron στάσις e impureza. Profanaron la ciudad santa y se hicieron culpables de injusticia y contaminatio ante los ojos de Dios. Por esa razón, Jerusalén ya no podía ser su sede. La lejanía de Dios –en forma de castigo divino como χόλος τοῦ θεοῦ– es, en realidad, la forma más severa de justicia. Dios se apartó y los Romanos se convirtieron en los ejecutores de su voluntad.
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