El efecto del taekwondo adaptado en las habilidades motrices de las personas con discapacidad intelectual

Resumen

El objetivo de esta investigación fue doble. Por un lado, demostrar que las personas con discapacidad intelectual (DI) pueden practicar taekwondo (TKD) y, por otro, valorar el efecto de dicha práctica. Para ello, se diseñó un estudio longitudinal con medidas de pretest y postest. Trece jóvenes de entre 14 y 35 años con DI realizaron un entrenamiento de TKD adaptado durante 20 semanas. Tras observar que las/os participantes seguían las instrucciones de la entrenadora y realizaban las técnicas, se evaluó el efecto del entrenamiento en sus habilidades motrices. La direccionalidad se evaluó utilizando la prueba de agilidad modificada (MAT2) y el equilibrio y la coordinación mediante la Escala de Observación de la Competencia Motriz (ECOMI). Los resultados demostraron que las personas con DI pueden practicar técnicas básicas de TKD y que el entrenamiento mejora sus habilidades motrices de direccionalidad, equilibrio y coordinación, si bien no todas las diferencias fueron significativas. Con ello se puede concluir que las personas con DI pueden realizar un deporte de combate como el TKD siempre y cuando se adapte a sus características y que su práctica tiene efectos beneficiosos, y mejora el rendimiento en sus habilidades motrices.
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