Relación entre las percepciones parentales, ingresos familiares y apoyo recibido con la calidad de vida de las familias con un niño o niña con discapacidad intelectual

  • Fina Ferrer Vidal
    Municipal Institute of Social Services of Barcelona fferrer[at]bcn.cat
  • Rosa Vilaseca Momplet
    University of Barcelona
  • Rosa María Bersabé
    University of Málaga

Resumen

La investigación ha demostrado que las familias con niños/as con discapacidad intelectual (DI) se enfrentan a muchos retos y necesitan utilizar estrategias de adaptación. Algunos trabajos sugieren que las percepciones parentales positivas y el control percibido pueden reducir el impacto emocional y promover el bienestar familiar. No obstante, existen pocos estudios sobre la relación entre las percepciones parentales y la calidad de vida familiar (CdVF) en estas familias. Utilizamos una muestra de 251 madres y padres cuyos/as hijos/as presentan DI. Se administraron a las familias escalas de percepciones positivas y percepciones de control, la escala española de CdVF para menores de 18 y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Los resultados del análisis bivariante mostraron que algunas dimensiones de las percepciones positivas estaban relacionadas con diferentes áreas de la CdVF (inclusión social y acomodación familiar). La CdVF se asoció con los ingresos familiares y el apoyo recibido. Para predecir el nivel de CdVF, se realizó un análisis de regresión lineal multivariante. Los resultados indicaron que las puntuaciones de CdVF pueden predecirse mediante una combinación lineal de percepciones positivas e ingresos familiares. Se discuten las implicaciones prácticas para promover la CdVF en estas familias.
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