Quality Perceptions and Professional Status in Translation
Abstract
While there is a large body of knowledge on quality in translation and localisation, the question of how quality is perceived based on extrinsic factors has so far not been widely investigated. This paper is focused on how information on the professional status of translators can change the participants’ perception and what attitudes and opinions they have towards a translation based on extrinsic information. This paper provides an overview of translation quality from the academic and industry perspective and offers a detailed description of the experiment carried out. In it, we could observe that those participants with higher levels of expertise were less influenced by extrinsic information than those with lower levels of expertise. We present our results against the background of existing literature on how translation is regarded as a profession and reflect on the connection between this and how quality is perceived in translation and localisation.
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Akerlof, George A. 1970. «The Market for "Lemons": Quality Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism». The Quarterly Journal of Economics 84 (3): 488-500. - https://doi.org/10.2307/1879431
Al-Qinai, Jamal. 2000. «Translation Quality Assessment: Strategies, Parametres and Procedures». Meta 45 (3): 497-519. - https://doi.org/10.7202/001878ar
Baker, Mona. 1992. In Other Words. A Coursebook on Translation. London: Routledge. - https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203327579
Bassnet, Susan. 2013. Translation Studies. London: Routledge.
Berman, Antoine. 1985. La traduction comme épreuve de l'étranger». Texte 4: 67-81.
Catford, James. 1965. A Linguistic Theory of Translation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Chesterman, Andrew. 2001. «Proposal for a Hieronymic Oath». The Translator 7 (2): 139-154. - https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2001.10799097
Chesterman, Andrew and Emma Wagner. 2002. Can Theory Help Translators? A dialogue between the Ivory Tower and the Wordface. Manchester, UK and Northampton, MA: St. Jerome.
D'Hulst, Jacqueline. 1997. «Focus on the Target Text. Towards a Functional Model for Translation Quality Assessment». In Transferre necesse est, ed. by Kinga Klaudy, and János Kohn. Budapest: Scholastica, 102-107.
European Commission. 2012. «Europeans and Their Languages». Special Eurobarometer 386. Accessed April 9, 2017. http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_386_en.pdf
Golder, Peter N., Debanjan Mitra and Christine Moorman. 2012. «What Is Quality? An Integrative Framework of Processes and States». Journal of Marketing 76: 1-23. - https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.09.0416
Halliday, Michael A. K. 1989. Spoken and Written Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hatim, Basil and Ian Mason. 1997. The Translator as Communicator. London and New York: Routledge.
Hermans, Theo. 1985. «Translation Studies and a New Paradigm». In The Manipulation of Literature. Studies in Literary Translation, ed. by Theo Hermans. London: Croom Helm, 7-15.
House, Juliane. 2015. Translation Quality Assessment: Past and Present. London and New York: Routledge. - https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137025487_13
Koskinen, Kaisa, and Helen V. Dam. 2016. «Academic boundary work and the translation profession: insiders, outsiders and (assumed) boundaries». The Journal of Specialised Translation (25): 254-267.
Kushner, Scott. 2013. «The freelance translation machine: Algorithmic culture and the invisible industry». New Media & Society 15(8): 1241-1258. - https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444812469597
Lambert, José and Hendrick Van Gorp. 1985. «On Describing Translations». In The Manipulation of Literature. Studies in Literary Translation, ed. by Theo Hermans. London/Sydney: Croom Helm, 42-53. - https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315759029-3
Lefevere, André. 1992. Translation, Rewriting and the Manipulation of Literary Fame. London: Routledge.
Neather, Robert. 2012. «"Non-Expert" Translators in a Professional Community». The Translator 18(January 2015): 245-268. - https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2012.10799510
Neubert, Albrecht, and Gregory M. Shreve. 1992. Translation as Text. Kent: Kent State University.
Newmark, Peter. 1991. About Translation. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Nord, Christiane. 2018. Translating as a Purposeful Activity: Functionalist Approaches Explained. Manchester: St. Jerome Publishing.
O'Hagan, Minako. 2009. «Evolution of user-generated translation: fansubs, translation hacking and crowdsourcing». The Journal of Internationalisation and Localisation I: 94-121. - https://doi.org/10.1075/jial.1.04hag
Orrego-Carmona, David. 2016. «A Reception Study on Non-Professional Subtitling: Do Audiences Notice any Differnce?». Across Languages and Cultures. 17(2): 163-181. - https://doi.org/10.1556/084.2016.17.2.2
Paloposki, Outi. 2016. «Translating and translators before the professional project». The Journal of Specialised Translation January 20(25): 15-32.
Pérez-González, Luis and ?ebnem Susam-Saraeva. 2012. «Non-professionals Translating and Interpreting». The Translator 18(2): 149-165. - https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2012.10799506
Pym, Anthony, David Orrego-Carmona and Esther Torres-Simón. 2016. «Status and technology in the professionalization of translators. Market disorder and the return of hierarchy». The Journal of Specialised Translation (25): 33-53.
Reiss, Katharina and Hans J. Vermeer. 2013. Towards a General Theory of Translational Action: Skopos Theory Explained. [orig. Grundlegung einer allgemeinen Translationstheorie]. Translated by Christiane Nord. London and New York: Routledge. - https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315759715
Sirohi, Niren, Edward W. McLaughlin and Dick R. Wittink. 1998. «A Model of Consumer Perceptions and Store Loyalty Intentions for a Supermarket Retailer». Journal of Retailing 74 (2): 223-245. - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(99)80094-3
Spivak, Gayatri C. 2004. «The Politics of Translation». In The Translation Studies Reader, ed. by Lawrence Venuti. New York: Routledge, 369-388.
Toury, Gideon. 1978. «The Nature and Role of Norms in Literary Translation». In Literature in Translation: New Perspectives in Literary Studies, ed. by James S. Holmes, José Lambert, and Raymond Van den Broeck. Leuven: Acco, 83-100.
Vantamay, Somphol. 2007. «Understanding of Perceived Product Quality: Reviews and Recommendations». BU Academic Review 6 (1): 110-117.
Venuti, Lawrence. 1998. The Scandals of Translation: Towards an Ethics of Difference. London and New York: Routledge. - https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203269701
Vinay, Jean Paul and Jean Darbelnet. 1958. Stylistique Comparée du Français et de L'Anglais. Méthode de traduction. Paris: Didier.
Williams, Malcolm. 2009. «Translation Quality Assessment». Mutatis Mutandis 8 (1): 3-23.
Zeithaml, Valarie A. 1988. «Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality, and Value: A Means-End Model and Synthesis of Evidence». The Journal of Marketing 52 (3): 2-22. - https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298805200302
Al-Qinai, Jamal. 2000. «Translation Quality Assessment: Strategies, Parametres and Procedures». Meta 45 (3): 497-519. - https://doi.org/10.7202/001878ar
Baker, Mona. 1992. In Other Words. A Coursebook on Translation. London: Routledge. - https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203327579
Bassnet, Susan. 2013. Translation Studies. London: Routledge.
Berman, Antoine. 1985. La traduction comme épreuve de l'étranger». Texte 4: 67-81.
Catford, James. 1965. A Linguistic Theory of Translation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Chesterman, Andrew. 2001. «Proposal for a Hieronymic Oath». The Translator 7 (2): 139-154. - https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2001.10799097
Chesterman, Andrew and Emma Wagner. 2002. Can Theory Help Translators? A dialogue between the Ivory Tower and the Wordface. Manchester, UK and Northampton, MA: St. Jerome.
D'Hulst, Jacqueline. 1997. «Focus on the Target Text. Towards a Functional Model for Translation Quality Assessment». In Transferre necesse est, ed. by Kinga Klaudy, and János Kohn. Budapest: Scholastica, 102-107.
European Commission. 2012. «Europeans and Their Languages». Special Eurobarometer 386. Accessed April 9, 2017. http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_386_en.pdf
Golder, Peter N., Debanjan Mitra and Christine Moorman. 2012. «What Is Quality? An Integrative Framework of Processes and States». Journal of Marketing 76: 1-23. - https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.09.0416
Halliday, Michael A. K. 1989. Spoken and Written Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hatim, Basil and Ian Mason. 1997. The Translator as Communicator. London and New York: Routledge.
Hermans, Theo. 1985. «Translation Studies and a New Paradigm». In The Manipulation of Literature. Studies in Literary Translation, ed. by Theo Hermans. London: Croom Helm, 7-15.
House, Juliane. 2015. Translation Quality Assessment: Past and Present. London and New York: Routledge. - https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137025487_13
Koskinen, Kaisa, and Helen V. Dam. 2016. «Academic boundary work and the translation profession: insiders, outsiders and (assumed) boundaries». The Journal of Specialised Translation (25): 254-267.
Kushner, Scott. 2013. «The freelance translation machine: Algorithmic culture and the invisible industry». New Media & Society 15(8): 1241-1258. - https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444812469597
Lambert, José and Hendrick Van Gorp. 1985. «On Describing Translations». In The Manipulation of Literature. Studies in Literary Translation, ed. by Theo Hermans. London/Sydney: Croom Helm, 42-53. - https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315759029-3
Lefevere, André. 1992. Translation, Rewriting and the Manipulation of Literary Fame. London: Routledge.
Neather, Robert. 2012. «"Non-Expert" Translators in a Professional Community». The Translator 18(January 2015): 245-268. - https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2012.10799510
Neubert, Albrecht, and Gregory M. Shreve. 1992. Translation as Text. Kent: Kent State University.
Newmark, Peter. 1991. About Translation. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Nord, Christiane. 2018. Translating as a Purposeful Activity: Functionalist Approaches Explained. Manchester: St. Jerome Publishing.
O'Hagan, Minako. 2009. «Evolution of user-generated translation: fansubs, translation hacking and crowdsourcing». The Journal of Internationalisation and Localisation I: 94-121. - https://doi.org/10.1075/jial.1.04hag
Orrego-Carmona, David. 2016. «A Reception Study on Non-Professional Subtitling: Do Audiences Notice any Differnce?». Across Languages and Cultures. 17(2): 163-181. - https://doi.org/10.1556/084.2016.17.2.2
Paloposki, Outi. 2016. «Translating and translators before the professional project». The Journal of Specialised Translation January 20(25): 15-32.
Pérez-González, Luis and ?ebnem Susam-Saraeva. 2012. «Non-professionals Translating and Interpreting». The Translator 18(2): 149-165. - https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2012.10799506
Pym, Anthony, David Orrego-Carmona and Esther Torres-Simón. 2016. «Status and technology in the professionalization of translators. Market disorder and the return of hierarchy». The Journal of Specialised Translation (25): 33-53.
Reiss, Katharina and Hans J. Vermeer. 2013. Towards a General Theory of Translational Action: Skopos Theory Explained. [orig. Grundlegung einer allgemeinen Translationstheorie]. Translated by Christiane Nord. London and New York: Routledge. - https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315759715
Sirohi, Niren, Edward W. McLaughlin and Dick R. Wittink. 1998. «A Model of Consumer Perceptions and Store Loyalty Intentions for a Supermarket Retailer». Journal of Retailing 74 (2): 223-245. - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(99)80094-3
Spivak, Gayatri C. 2004. «The Politics of Translation». In The Translation Studies Reader, ed. by Lawrence Venuti. New York: Routledge, 369-388.
Toury, Gideon. 1978. «The Nature and Role of Norms in Literary Translation». In Literature in Translation: New Perspectives in Literary Studies, ed. by James S. Holmes, José Lambert, and Raymond Van den Broeck. Leuven: Acco, 83-100.
Vantamay, Somphol. 2007. «Understanding of Perceived Product Quality: Reviews and Recommendations». BU Academic Review 6 (1): 110-117.
Venuti, Lawrence. 1998. The Scandals of Translation: Towards an Ethics of Difference. London and New York: Routledge. - https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203269701
Vinay, Jean Paul and Jean Darbelnet. 1958. Stylistique Comparée du Français et de L'Anglais. Méthode de traduction. Paris: Didier.
Williams, Malcolm. 2009. «Translation Quality Assessment». Mutatis Mutandis 8 (1): 3-23.
Zeithaml, Valarie A. 1988. «Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality, and Value: A Means-End Model and Synthesis of Evidence». The Journal of Marketing 52 (3): 2-22. - https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298805200302
De Wille, T., & Bermúdez Bausela, M. (2018). Quality Perceptions and Professional Status in Translation. CLINA Revista Interdisciplinaria De Traducción Interpretación Y Comunicación Intercultural, 4(2), 103–122. https://doi.org/10.14201/clina201842103122
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