¿Quién está en contra de la inmigración en la Argentina contemporánea? Intereses y valores en las actitudes de la población hacia la inmigración
Abstract Los cambios demográficos provocados por flujos migratorios recientes en la Argentina han dado lugar a diversas actitudes y prácticas discriminatorias y/o xenófobas que frecuentemente son reportadas en la prensa y en trabajos académicos. Sin embargo, no está claro en qué medida estas actitudes negativas reflejan una percepción difundida en la población y, menos aún, en qué se fundan las mismas. El presente trabajo indaga en las percepciones que los argentinos tienen respecto de la política inmigratoria y, por ende, de la inmigración. Basándome en datos de la Encuesta Mundial de Valores, encuentro que el rechazo a las políticas inmigratorias abiertas no parece estar basado en motivaciones de tipo económica, como suele ocurrir en otros países. Por el contrario, tal como se desprende del análisis aquí presentado, dicho rechazo parece estar más asociado a factores culturales, ideológicos, psicosociales y de confianza.
- Referencias
- Cómo citar
- Del mismo autor
- Métricas
Akrami, Nazar, Bo Ekehammar y Tadesse Araya (2000), “Classical and Modern Racial Prejudice: A Study of Attitudes toward Immigrants in Sweden”, European Journal of Social Psychology 30, pp. 521-532.
Alba, Richard, Ruben G. Rumbaut y Karen Marotz (2005), “A Distorted Nation: Perceptions of Racial/Ethnic Group Sizes and Attitudes Toward Immigrants and Other Minorities”, Social Forces 84(2), pp. 901-919.
Berg, Justin Allen (2009), “‘Core Networks and Whites’ Attitudes toward Immigrants and Immigration Policy”, Public Opinion Quarterly 73(1), pp. 7-31.
Bjørnskov, Christian (2003), “The Happy Few: Cross-Country Evidence on Social Capital and Life Satisfaction”, Kyklos 56(1), pp. 3-16.
Brisson, Daniel (2009), “Testing the Relationship of Formal Bonding, Informal Bonding, and Formal Bridging Social Capital on Key Outcomes for Families in Low- Income Neighborhoods”, Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare XXXVI(1), pp. 167-183.
Boomgaarden, Hajo G. y Rens Vliegenthart (2009), “How News Content Influences Anti-immigration Attitudes: Germany, 1993?2005”, European Journal of Political Research 48, pp. 516?542.
Burns, Peter y James G. Gimpel (2000), “Economic Insecurity, Prejudicial Stereotypes, and Public Opinion on Immigration Policy”, Political Science Quarterly 115(2), pp. 201-225.
Crowder-Meyer, Melody (2007), “Gender Differences in Policy Preferences and Priorities”, ponencia presentada en la Reunión Anual de la Midwest Political Science Association en Chicago.
De la Garza, Rodolfo O., Jerry L. Polinard, Robert D. Wrinkle y Tomás Longoria (1991), “Understanding Intra-Ethnic Attitude Variations: Mexican Origin Population Views of Immigration”, Social Science Quarterly 72(2), 379-387.
Diamond, Jeff (1998), “African-American Attitudes towards United States Immigration Policy”, International Migration Review 32(2), pp. 451-470.
Espenshade, Thomas y Katherine Hempstead (1996), “Contemporary American Attitudes Toward U.S. Immigration”, International Migration Review XXX(2), pp. 535-570.
Esses, Victoria M., John F. Dovidio y Gordon Hodson (2002), “Public Attitudes Toward Immigration in the United States and Canada in Response to the September 11, 2001 ‘Attack on America’”, Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 2(1), pp. 69?85.
Gallinati, Carla (2008), “¿Inmigrantes o Ciudadanos? La Construcción del ‘Verdadero’ Modelo de Política Migratoria en el Marco de la ‘Patria Grande’”, Pensares 5, pp. 479-500.
Grimson, Alejandro (2005), Relatos de la Diferencia y la Igualdad. Los bolivianos en Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, EUDEBA. (2006), “Nuevas Xenofobias, Nuevas Políticas Étnicas en Argentina.” En A. Grimson y E. Jelin, Migraciones Regionales hacia la Argentina: Diferencia, Desigualdad y Derechos, Buenos Aires, Prometeo Libros, pp. 69-97.
Halman, Loek y Ruud Luijkx (2006), “Social Capital in Contemporary Europe: Evidence from the European Social Survey”, Journal of Social Science 5(1), pp. 65-90.
Hayes, Bernadette C. y Lizanne Dowds (2006), “Social Contact, Cultural Marginality or Economic Self- Interest? Attitudes Towards Immigrants in Northern Ireland”, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 32(3), pp. 455-476.
Herreros, Francisco y Henar Criado (2009), “Social Trust, Social Capital and Perceptions of Immigration”, Political Studies 57, pp. 337-355.
Horiuchi, Shiro (2008), “Affiliative Segregation of Outsiders from a Community: Bonding and Bridging Social Capital in Hachimori-cho, Japan”, International Journal of Japanese Sociology 17, pp. 91-100. Joseph, Galen (2000), “Taking Race Seriously: Whiteness in Argentina’s National and Transnational Imaginary”, Identities 7(3), pp. 333-371.
Lupo, Giampiero (2010), “Is Immigration Detrimental for Social Trust in the European Union? A Three-Level Model of Cultural Heterogeneity and Citizenship Regime as Social Capital Predictors”, International Journal of Social Inquiry 3(1), pp. 67-96.
Mayda, Anna Maria (2004), “Who Is Against Immigration? A Cross-Country Investigation of Individual Attitudes toward Immigrants”, IZA Discussion Paper No 1115, Bonn, IZA.
Monner Sans, Ana Inés (2005), “Marcadores de Valor y Disvalor en Situaciones de Contacto Sociocultural: Perpepción y Expresión de la Diferencia a través del Discurso” en E. Domenech (comp.) Migraciones Contemporáneas y Diversidad Cultural en la Argentina, Córdoba, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, pp. 97-130.
Nadali, Débora Betrisey (2007), “Inmigración y Discriminación en la Frontera Argentino-Paraguaya”, Migraciones Internacionales 4(1), pp. 141-164.
O’Rourke, Kevin H. y Richard Sinnott (2006), “The Determinants of Individual Attitudes Towards Immigration”, European Journal of Political Economy 22, pp. 838-861.
Oteiza, Enrique, Susana Novick y Roberto Aruj (2000), Inmigración y Discriminación: Políticas y Discursos, Buenos Aires, Trama Editorial/Prometeo Libros.
Pacecca, María Inés y Corina Courtis (2008), “Inmigración Contemporánea en Argentina: Dinámicas y Políticas”, CEPAL - Serie Población y desarrollo No 84. 48 Revista Latinoamericana de Opinión Pública / Número 3
Pevnick, Ryan (2009), “Social Trust and the Ethics of Immigration Policy”, The Journal of Political Philosophy 17(2), pp. 146?167.
Putnam, Robert (2000), Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, Londres, Simon & Schuster.
Rose, Roderick y Mark Fraser (2008) “A Simplified Framework for Using Multiple Imputation in Social Work Research”, Social Work Research 32(3): 171-178.
Sarracino, Francesco (2010), “Social Capital and Subjective Well-Being Trends: Comparing 11 Western European Countries”, Journal of Socio-Economics 39(4), pp. 482-517.
Scheve, Kenneth F. y Matthew J. Slaughter (2001), “Labor Market Competition and Individual Preferences over Immigration Policy”, The Review of Economics and Statistics 83(1), pp. 133-145.
Scholten, Peter y Ronald Holzhacker (2009), “Bonding, Bridging and Ethnic Minorities in the Netherlands: Changing Discourses in a Changing Nation”, Nations and Nationalism 15(1), pp. 81?100.
Simon, Rita J. y James P. Lynch (1999), “A Comparative Assessment of Public Opinion toward Immigrants and Immigration Policies”, International Migration Review 33(2): 455-467.
Sotelo, María José (1999), “Gender Differences in Political Tolerance among Adolescents”, Journal of Gender Studies 8(2), pp. 211-217.
Svendsen, Gunnar L. H. (2006), “Studying Social Capital in situ: A Qualitative Approach”, Theory and Society 35(1), pp. 39-70.
Theurer, Kristine and Andrew Wister (2010), “Altrustic Behaviour and Social Capital as Predictors of Well- Being among Older Canadians”, Ageing and Society 30(1), pp. 157-181.
Vala, Jorge, Cícero Pereira y Alice Ramos (2006), “Racial Prejudice, Threat Perception and Opposition to Immigration: A Comparative Analysis”, Portuguese Journal of Social Science 5(2), pp. 119-139. Veenhoven, Ruut (2000), “Freedom and Happiness: A Comparative Study in Forty-four Nations in the Early 1990s”, en Ed Diener y Eunkook M. Suh (Eds.), Culture and Subjective Well-Being, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, pp. 257-288.
Zagefka, Hanna, Rupert Brown, Murielle Broquard y Sibel Leventoglu Martin (2007), “Predictors and Consequences of Negative Attitudes toward Immigrants in Belgium and Turkey: The Role of Acculturation Preferences and Economic Competition”, British Journal of Social Psychology 46, pp. 153?169
Alba, Richard, Ruben G. Rumbaut y Karen Marotz (2005), “A Distorted Nation: Perceptions of Racial/Ethnic Group Sizes and Attitudes Toward Immigrants and Other Minorities”, Social Forces 84(2), pp. 901-919.
Berg, Justin Allen (2009), “‘Core Networks and Whites’ Attitudes toward Immigrants and Immigration Policy”, Public Opinion Quarterly 73(1), pp. 7-31.
Bjørnskov, Christian (2003), “The Happy Few: Cross-Country Evidence on Social Capital and Life Satisfaction”, Kyklos 56(1), pp. 3-16.
Brisson, Daniel (2009), “Testing the Relationship of Formal Bonding, Informal Bonding, and Formal Bridging Social Capital on Key Outcomes for Families in Low- Income Neighborhoods”, Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare XXXVI(1), pp. 167-183.
Boomgaarden, Hajo G. y Rens Vliegenthart (2009), “How News Content Influences Anti-immigration Attitudes: Germany, 1993?2005”, European Journal of Political Research 48, pp. 516?542.
Burns, Peter y James G. Gimpel (2000), “Economic Insecurity, Prejudicial Stereotypes, and Public Opinion on Immigration Policy”, Political Science Quarterly 115(2), pp. 201-225.
Crowder-Meyer, Melody (2007), “Gender Differences in Policy Preferences and Priorities”, ponencia presentada en la Reunión Anual de la Midwest Political Science Association en Chicago.
De la Garza, Rodolfo O., Jerry L. Polinard, Robert D. Wrinkle y Tomás Longoria (1991), “Understanding Intra-Ethnic Attitude Variations: Mexican Origin Population Views of Immigration”, Social Science Quarterly 72(2), 379-387.
Diamond, Jeff (1998), “African-American Attitudes towards United States Immigration Policy”, International Migration Review 32(2), pp. 451-470.
Espenshade, Thomas y Katherine Hempstead (1996), “Contemporary American Attitudes Toward U.S. Immigration”, International Migration Review XXX(2), pp. 535-570.
Esses, Victoria M., John F. Dovidio y Gordon Hodson (2002), “Public Attitudes Toward Immigration in the United States and Canada in Response to the September 11, 2001 ‘Attack on America’”, Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 2(1), pp. 69?85.
Gallinati, Carla (2008), “¿Inmigrantes o Ciudadanos? La Construcción del ‘Verdadero’ Modelo de Política Migratoria en el Marco de la ‘Patria Grande’”, Pensares 5, pp. 479-500.
Grimson, Alejandro (2005), Relatos de la Diferencia y la Igualdad. Los bolivianos en Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, EUDEBA. (2006), “Nuevas Xenofobias, Nuevas Políticas Étnicas en Argentina.” En A. Grimson y E. Jelin, Migraciones Regionales hacia la Argentina: Diferencia, Desigualdad y Derechos, Buenos Aires, Prometeo Libros, pp. 69-97.
Halman, Loek y Ruud Luijkx (2006), “Social Capital in Contemporary Europe: Evidence from the European Social Survey”, Journal of Social Science 5(1), pp. 65-90.
Hayes, Bernadette C. y Lizanne Dowds (2006), “Social Contact, Cultural Marginality or Economic Self- Interest? Attitudes Towards Immigrants in Northern Ireland”, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 32(3), pp. 455-476.
Herreros, Francisco y Henar Criado (2009), “Social Trust, Social Capital and Perceptions of Immigration”, Political Studies 57, pp. 337-355.
Horiuchi, Shiro (2008), “Affiliative Segregation of Outsiders from a Community: Bonding and Bridging Social Capital in Hachimori-cho, Japan”, International Journal of Japanese Sociology 17, pp. 91-100. Joseph, Galen (2000), “Taking Race Seriously: Whiteness in Argentina’s National and Transnational Imaginary”, Identities 7(3), pp. 333-371.
Lupo, Giampiero (2010), “Is Immigration Detrimental for Social Trust in the European Union? A Three-Level Model of Cultural Heterogeneity and Citizenship Regime as Social Capital Predictors”, International Journal of Social Inquiry 3(1), pp. 67-96.
Mayda, Anna Maria (2004), “Who Is Against Immigration? A Cross-Country Investigation of Individual Attitudes toward Immigrants”, IZA Discussion Paper No 1115, Bonn, IZA.
Monner Sans, Ana Inés (2005), “Marcadores de Valor y Disvalor en Situaciones de Contacto Sociocultural: Perpepción y Expresión de la Diferencia a través del Discurso” en E. Domenech (comp.) Migraciones Contemporáneas y Diversidad Cultural en la Argentina, Córdoba, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, pp. 97-130.
Nadali, Débora Betrisey (2007), “Inmigración y Discriminación en la Frontera Argentino-Paraguaya”, Migraciones Internacionales 4(1), pp. 141-164.
O’Rourke, Kevin H. y Richard Sinnott (2006), “The Determinants of Individual Attitudes Towards Immigration”, European Journal of Political Economy 22, pp. 838-861.
Oteiza, Enrique, Susana Novick y Roberto Aruj (2000), Inmigración y Discriminación: Políticas y Discursos, Buenos Aires, Trama Editorial/Prometeo Libros.
Pacecca, María Inés y Corina Courtis (2008), “Inmigración Contemporánea en Argentina: Dinámicas y Políticas”, CEPAL - Serie Población y desarrollo No 84. 48 Revista Latinoamericana de Opinión Pública / Número 3
Pevnick, Ryan (2009), “Social Trust and the Ethics of Immigration Policy”, The Journal of Political Philosophy 17(2), pp. 146?167.
Putnam, Robert (2000), Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, Londres, Simon & Schuster.
Rose, Roderick y Mark Fraser (2008) “A Simplified Framework for Using Multiple Imputation in Social Work Research”, Social Work Research 32(3): 171-178.
Sarracino, Francesco (2010), “Social Capital and Subjective Well-Being Trends: Comparing 11 Western European Countries”, Journal of Socio-Economics 39(4), pp. 482-517.
Scheve, Kenneth F. y Matthew J. Slaughter (2001), “Labor Market Competition and Individual Preferences over Immigration Policy”, The Review of Economics and Statistics 83(1), pp. 133-145.
Scholten, Peter y Ronald Holzhacker (2009), “Bonding, Bridging and Ethnic Minorities in the Netherlands: Changing Discourses in a Changing Nation”, Nations and Nationalism 15(1), pp. 81?100.
Simon, Rita J. y James P. Lynch (1999), “A Comparative Assessment of Public Opinion toward Immigrants and Immigration Policies”, International Migration Review 33(2): 455-467.
Sotelo, María José (1999), “Gender Differences in Political Tolerance among Adolescents”, Journal of Gender Studies 8(2), pp. 211-217.
Svendsen, Gunnar L. H. (2006), “Studying Social Capital in situ: A Qualitative Approach”, Theory and Society 35(1), pp. 39-70.
Theurer, Kristine and Andrew Wister (2010), “Altrustic Behaviour and Social Capital as Predictors of Well- Being among Older Canadians”, Ageing and Society 30(1), pp. 157-181.
Vala, Jorge, Cícero Pereira y Alice Ramos (2006), “Racial Prejudice, Threat Perception and Opposition to Immigration: A Comparative Analysis”, Portuguese Journal of Social Science 5(2), pp. 119-139. Veenhoven, Ruut (2000), “Freedom and Happiness: A Comparative Study in Forty-four Nations in the Early 1990s”, en Ed Diener y Eunkook M. Suh (Eds.), Culture and Subjective Well-Being, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press, pp. 257-288.
Zagefka, Hanna, Rupert Brown, Murielle Broquard y Sibel Leventoglu Martin (2007), “Predictors and Consequences of Negative Attitudes toward Immigrants in Belgium and Turkey: The Role of Acculturation Preferences and Economic Competition”, British Journal of Social Psychology 46, pp. 153?169
Cantor, G. (2013). ¿Quién está en contra de la inmigración en la Argentina contemporánea? Intereses y valores en las actitudes de la población hacia la inmigración. Revista Latinoamericana De Opinión Pública, 3, 15–51. https://doi.org/10.14201/rlop.22286
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
+
−