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Clinical and pathological characteristics of granular cell tumor in the vocal cord. A literature review

https://doi.org/10.14201/orl.31851

Abstract

Introduction and Objective: Granular cell tumour, also known as Abrikossoff's tumour, is a rare neoplasm with a distinctive histological pattern. While generally benign, its potential for malignancy and its involvement in various tissues pose challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, the aim of this literature review is to address the clinical, histological, molecular, and therapeutic aspects of this tumour when it occurs in the vocal cords. Method: To conduct this review, a bibliographic search was performed in medical databases, without language restrictions, with a date range from October 11, 2022, to October 10, 2023. Twelve articles were selected, including clinical cases, case series, and systematic reviews. Results: Following the search, twelve relevant articles were obtained, defining clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical aspects, as well as treatment approaches. Despite the contribution of all sources, priority was given to the most recent research. Discussion: Granular cell tumour is a rare neoplasm that can affect any part of the body but is more common in the head and neck, including the vocal cords. Its clinical presentation varies, and it can become aggressive, with metastasis in some cases. The most common symptom is dysphonia. The nomenclature of the tumour has evolved over time, and histology reveals large cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm and the expression of specific immunohistochemical markers. Therefore, a differential diagnosis is essential to avoid diagnostic errors. The primary treatment is surgical removal, often through endoscopic methods with carbon dioxide laser. Additionally, postoperative follow-up is crucial for voice assessment and the detection of complications. Conclusions: In summary, this review highlights the rarity and heterogeneity of granular cell tumours in the vocal cords. The importance of a differential diagnosis, immunohistochemistry, and postoperative follow-up is emphasized to ensure effective management in otolaryngology consultations and the improvement of patients' quality of life.
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San Millán-González, M., Santos-Pérez, J., Duque-Holguera, V., Martín-Pascual, M. C., Viveros-Díez, P., & Saboya-Romero, D. M. (2024). Clinical and pathological characteristics of granular cell tumor in the vocal cord. A literature review. Revista ORL, 15(4), e31851. https://doi.org/10.14201/orl.31851

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