The relative a priori. Towards a pragmatist conception of science?
Abstract I put forward a revision of the concept of the relative a priori from Michael Friedman’s proposal. I will begin by exposing those aspects of Carnap and Kuhn that underlie the static and dynamic dimensions of Friedman’s project. It will be argued that, despite its virtues, the lack of pragmatic awareness prevents him from properly characterize theory choice. Hereafter, some criticism will be presented. Lastly, stemming from criticism, some pragmatic readings of the relative a priori will be explored as overcoming the issues addressed.
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Carnap, Rudolf (1934). Logical Syntax of Language. Abingdon: Routledge [Reedición de 2001].
Carnap, Rudolf (1950). Empiricism, Semantics and Ontology. Revue Internationale de Philosophie, 4 (11), pp. 20-40.
Cassirer, Ernst (1910). Substance and Function. Estados Unidos: Open Court [Edición de 1953].
Chang, Hason (2008). Contingent Transcendental Arguments for Metaphysical Principles. En Michela Massimi (Ed.), Kant and Philosophy of Science Today (pp. 113-133). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1358246108000076
Chang, Hason (2012). Is Water H2O? Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3932-1
Coffa, José Alberto (1991). The Semantic tradition: From Kant to Carnap. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139172240
De Boer, Karin (2010). Kant, Reichenbach, and the Fate of A priori Principles. European Journal of Philosophy, 19 (4), pp. 504-537. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0378.2010.00397.x
De Pierris, Graciela (1992). The Constitutive A Priori. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 22 (1), pp. 179-214. https://doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1992.10717303
Friedman, Michael (1994). Kant and the Twentieth Century. En Paolo Parrini (Ed.), Kant and Contemporary Epistemology (pp. 27-46). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0834-8_2
Friedman, Michael (1999). Reconsidering Logical Positivism. Nueva York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139173193
Friedman, Michael (2001). Dynamics of Reason. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Friedman, Michael (2002). Kant, Kuhn and the Rationality of Science. Philosophy of Science, 69, pp. 171-190. https://doi.org/10.1086/341048
Friedman, Michael (2007). Coordination, Constitution and Convention. En Alan Richardson y Thomas Uebel (Eds.), The Cambridge Companion to Logical Empiricism (pp. 91-116). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521791782.005
Friedman, Michael (2008). Einstein, Kant and the A Priori. En Michela Massimi (Ed.), Kant and Philosophy of Science Today (pp. 95-112). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Friedman, Michael (2010a). Synthetic History Reconsidered. En Mary Domski y Michael Dickson (Eds.), Discourse on a New Method (pp. 571-801). Illinois: Open Court.
Friedman, Michael (2010b). A Post-Kuhnian Approach to the History and Philosophy of Science. The Monist, 93 (4), pp. 497-517. https://doi.org/10.5840/monist201093430
Friedman, Michael (2011). Extending the Dynamics of Reason. Erkenntis 75, pp. 431-444. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10670-011-9342-7
Friedman, Michael (2012). Reconsidering the Dynamics of Reason. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 43 (1), pp. 47-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2011.10.006
Habermas, Jürgen (1981). Teoría de la acción comunicativa. Madrid: Taurus. [Edición de 1999].
Irzik, Gürol y Grünberg, Teo (1995). Carnap and Kuhn: Arch Enemies or Close Allies? The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 46 (3), pp. 285-307. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/46.3.285
Kant, Immanuel (1787). Crítica de la Razón Pura. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica [Edición de 2009].
Kordig, Carl R. (1971). The Justification of Scientific Change. Dordrecht: Reidel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-1734-3
Korkut, Buket (2011). The Real Virtue of Friedman's Neo-Kantian Philosophy of Science. Philosophy of Science, 78, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1086/658092
Kuhn, Thomas (1962). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press [3º Edición de 1996].
Kuhn, Thomas (1977). Objectivity, Value Judgement and Theory Choice. En The Essential Tension (pp. 320-339). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Kuhn, Thomas. (1991). The Road Since Structure. En James Conant y John Haugeland (Eds.), The Road Since Structure (pp. 90-104). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Kuhn, Thomas (1993). En James Conant y John Haugeland (Eds.), The Road Since Structure (pp. 224-252.). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Leinonen, Mikko (2016). Assesing Rickert's Influence on Carnap. En Christian Damböck (Ed.), Influences on the Aufbau (pp. 213-232). Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21876-2_11
Lewis, Clarence Irving (1923). A Pragmatic Conception of the a Priori. Journal of Philosophy, 20 (7), pp. 169-177. https://doi.org/10.2307/2939833
Lewis, Clarence Irving (1929). Mind and World Order. Nueva York: Dover Publications. [Edición de 1990].
Massimi, Michela (2005). Pauli's Exclusion Principle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511535352
McArthur, Dan (2005). Normative Naturalism and The Relativised A Priori. Journal for General Philosophy of Science, 36, pp. 331-350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10838-006-0038-7
Mormann, Thomas (2012). A Place for Pragmatism in the Dynamics of Reason? Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 43 (1), pp. 27-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2011.10.004
Padovani, Flavia (2011). Relativizing the Relativized A Priori: Reichenbach Axioms of Coordination Divided. Synthese, 181, pp. 42-62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-009-9590-0
Pap, Arthur (1946). The a Priori in Physical Theory. Nueva York: Russel & Russel.
Peláez Cedrés, Álvaro (2008). Lo a priori constitutivo: historia y perspectiva. México: Anthropos.
Potochnik, Angela (2017).
Idealization and the Aims of Science. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Putnam, Hilary (1975). What is Mathematical Truth. En Mathematics, Matter and Method. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Putnam, Hilary (1976). Two Dogmas Revisited. Reimpreso en Hilary Putnam (1983). Realism and Reason (pp. 87-97). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511625275
Putnam, Hilary (1995). Pragmatism. Estados Unidos: Blackwell.
Reichenbach, Hans (1920). The Theory of Relativity and A Priori Knowledge. Berkeley y Los Angeles: Cambridge University Press [Edición de 1965].
Richardson, Alan (2002). Narrating the History of Reason Itself. Perspectives on Science, 10 (3), pp. 253-274. https://doi.org/10.1162/106361402321899050
Richardson, Alan (2010). Ernst Cassirer and Michael Friedman: Kantian or Hegelian Dynamics of Reason? En Mary Domski y Michael Dickson (Eds.), Discourse on a New Method (pp. 279-294). Illinois: Open Court.
Ryckman, Thomas (2005). The Reign of Relativity. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0195177177.001.0001
Shaffer, Michael J. (2011). The Constitutive A Priori and Epistemic Justification. En Michael J. Shaffer y Michael L. Veber (Eds.), What place for the A Priori? (pp. 193-210). Chicago: Open Court.
Scheffler, Israel (1967). Science and Subjectivity. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company.
Schlick, Moritz (1925). General Theory of Knowledge. Austria: Springer [Edición de 1974].
Stump, David J. (2015). Conceptual Change and the Philosophy of Science. Nueva York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315712581
Tsou, Jonathan Y. (2015). Reconsidering the Carnap-Kuhn Connection. En William J. Devlin y Alisa Bokulich (Eds.), Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions - 50 years on (pp. 51-70). Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13383-6_5
Van Dyck, Maarten (2009). Dynamics of Reason and the Kantian Project. Philosophy of Science 76, pp. 689-700. https://doi.org/10.1086/605823
van Fraassen, Bas Cornelis (1980). The Scientific Image. Oxford: Clarendon Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0198244274.001.0001
Carnap, Rudolf (1950). Empiricism, Semantics and Ontology. Revue Internationale de Philosophie, 4 (11), pp. 20-40.
Cassirer, Ernst (1910). Substance and Function. Estados Unidos: Open Court [Edición de 1953].
Chang, Hason (2008). Contingent Transcendental Arguments for Metaphysical Principles. En Michela Massimi (Ed.), Kant and Philosophy of Science Today (pp. 113-133). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1358246108000076
Chang, Hason (2012). Is Water H2O? Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-3932-1
Coffa, José Alberto (1991). The Semantic tradition: From Kant to Carnap. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139172240
De Boer, Karin (2010). Kant, Reichenbach, and the Fate of A priori Principles. European Journal of Philosophy, 19 (4), pp. 504-537. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0378.2010.00397.x
De Pierris, Graciela (1992). The Constitutive A Priori. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 22 (1), pp. 179-214. https://doi.org/10.1080/00455091.1992.10717303
Friedman, Michael (1994). Kant and the Twentieth Century. En Paolo Parrini (Ed.), Kant and Contemporary Epistemology (pp. 27-46). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0834-8_2
Friedman, Michael (1999). Reconsidering Logical Positivism. Nueva York: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139173193
Friedman, Michael (2001). Dynamics of Reason. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Friedman, Michael (2002). Kant, Kuhn and the Rationality of Science. Philosophy of Science, 69, pp. 171-190. https://doi.org/10.1086/341048
Friedman, Michael (2007). Coordination, Constitution and Convention. En Alan Richardson y Thomas Uebel (Eds.), The Cambridge Companion to Logical Empiricism (pp. 91-116). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521791782.005
Friedman, Michael (2008). Einstein, Kant and the A Priori. En Michela Massimi (Ed.), Kant and Philosophy of Science Today (pp. 95-112). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Friedman, Michael (2010a). Synthetic History Reconsidered. En Mary Domski y Michael Dickson (Eds.), Discourse on a New Method (pp. 571-801). Illinois: Open Court.
Friedman, Michael (2010b). A Post-Kuhnian Approach to the History and Philosophy of Science. The Monist, 93 (4), pp. 497-517. https://doi.org/10.5840/monist201093430
Friedman, Michael (2011). Extending the Dynamics of Reason. Erkenntis 75, pp. 431-444. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10670-011-9342-7
Friedman, Michael (2012). Reconsidering the Dynamics of Reason. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 43 (1), pp. 47-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2011.10.006
Habermas, Jürgen (1981). Teoría de la acción comunicativa. Madrid: Taurus. [Edición de 1999].
Irzik, Gürol y Grünberg, Teo (1995). Carnap and Kuhn: Arch Enemies or Close Allies? The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 46 (3), pp. 285-307. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjps/46.3.285
Kant, Immanuel (1787). Crítica de la Razón Pura. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica [Edición de 2009].
Kordig, Carl R. (1971). The Justification of Scientific Change. Dordrecht: Reidel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-1734-3
Korkut, Buket (2011). The Real Virtue of Friedman's Neo-Kantian Philosophy of Science. Philosophy of Science, 78, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1086/658092
Kuhn, Thomas (1962). The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press [3º Edición de 1996].
Kuhn, Thomas (1977). Objectivity, Value Judgement and Theory Choice. En The Essential Tension (pp. 320-339). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Kuhn, Thomas. (1991). The Road Since Structure. En James Conant y John Haugeland (Eds.), The Road Since Structure (pp. 90-104). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Kuhn, Thomas (1993). En James Conant y John Haugeland (Eds.), The Road Since Structure (pp. 224-252.). Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Leinonen, Mikko (2016). Assesing Rickert's Influence on Carnap. En Christian Damböck (Ed.), Influences on the Aufbau (pp. 213-232). Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21876-2_11
Lewis, Clarence Irving (1923). A Pragmatic Conception of the a Priori. Journal of Philosophy, 20 (7), pp. 169-177. https://doi.org/10.2307/2939833
Lewis, Clarence Irving (1929). Mind and World Order. Nueva York: Dover Publications. [Edición de 1990].
Massimi, Michela (2005). Pauli's Exclusion Principle. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511535352
McArthur, Dan (2005). Normative Naturalism and The Relativised A Priori. Journal for General Philosophy of Science, 36, pp. 331-350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10838-006-0038-7
Mormann, Thomas (2012). A Place for Pragmatism in the Dynamics of Reason? Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 43 (1), pp. 27-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsa.2011.10.004
Padovani, Flavia (2011). Relativizing the Relativized A Priori: Reichenbach Axioms of Coordination Divided. Synthese, 181, pp. 42-62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-009-9590-0
Pap, Arthur (1946). The a Priori in Physical Theory. Nueva York: Russel & Russel.
Peláez Cedrés, Álvaro (2008). Lo a priori constitutivo: historia y perspectiva. México: Anthropos.
Potochnik, Angela (2017).
Idealization and the Aims of Science. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Putnam, Hilary (1975). What is Mathematical Truth. En Mathematics, Matter and Method. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Putnam, Hilary (1976). Two Dogmas Revisited. Reimpreso en Hilary Putnam (1983). Realism and Reason (pp. 87-97). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511625275
Putnam, Hilary (1995). Pragmatism. Estados Unidos: Blackwell.
Reichenbach, Hans (1920). The Theory of Relativity and A Priori Knowledge. Berkeley y Los Angeles: Cambridge University Press [Edición de 1965].
Richardson, Alan (2002). Narrating the History of Reason Itself. Perspectives on Science, 10 (3), pp. 253-274. https://doi.org/10.1162/106361402321899050
Richardson, Alan (2010). Ernst Cassirer and Michael Friedman: Kantian or Hegelian Dynamics of Reason? En Mary Domski y Michael Dickson (Eds.), Discourse on a New Method (pp. 279-294). Illinois: Open Court.
Ryckman, Thomas (2005). The Reign of Relativity. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0195177177.001.0001
Shaffer, Michael J. (2011). The Constitutive A Priori and Epistemic Justification. En Michael J. Shaffer y Michael L. Veber (Eds.), What place for the A Priori? (pp. 193-210). Chicago: Open Court.
Scheffler, Israel (1967). Science and Subjectivity. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company.
Schlick, Moritz (1925). General Theory of Knowledge. Austria: Springer [Edición de 1974].
Stump, David J. (2015). Conceptual Change and the Philosophy of Science. Nueva York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315712581
Tsou, Jonathan Y. (2015). Reconsidering the Carnap-Kuhn Connection. En William J. Devlin y Alisa Bokulich (Eds.), Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions - 50 years on (pp. 51-70). Dordrecht: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13383-6_5
Van Dyck, Maarten (2009). Dynamics of Reason and the Kantian Project. Philosophy of Science 76, pp. 689-700. https://doi.org/10.1086/605823
van Fraassen, Bas Cornelis (1980). The Scientific Image. Oxford: Clarendon Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0198244274.001.0001
Sanjuán Salina, M. (2019). The relative a priori. Towards a pragmatist conception of science?. ArtefaCToS. Revista De Estudios Sobre La Ciencia Y La tecnología, 8(2), 139–160. https://doi.org/10.14201/art201982139160
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