Lo rural y lo urbano en la Nueva España. Indígenas insurgentes en las Huastecas y en la ciudad de Querétaro = The rural and urban in Nueva España

Abstract

This article presents the way in which indigenous insurgencies in the Huastecas and in the city of Querétaro originated, developed and died out. Different types of responses from the groups affected by the insurgent war unleashed in September 1810 emerged in these dissimilar areas, interconnected however by commercial activities and personal relations. According to the authors, the reasons for taking one or other of the sides in the dispute lay in the economic activities prior to the war, as well as in the different forms of settlement in the areas under study. The varying support given by the indigenous governments to the belligerent sides was therefore gained through negotiation with native authorities, conviction, or simple coercion, and the formation of varied troops contributed to breaking the ethnical social stratification of the viceroyal times. Although it is true that in the insurgencies in the Huastecas and in Querétaro we find contrasting aspects, Spanish authorities supported by the companies of Patriots loyal to the Crown prevailed because they prevented the different groups of insurgents in the rural field from coming together with those from urban extraction, and vice versa.