Propuesta didáctica para la enseñanza de la cristalografía a través de elementos ornamentales de edificios históricos de Salamanca, España

Abstract

The aim of this paper is a methodological approach to the teaching of crystallography as a conceptual argument for the study of crystalline matter and minerals. It has carried out a study of ornamental or pictorial elements that decorate the facades and interiors of 10 historic buildings in the city of Salamanca, recognizing patterns and identifying mosaics and friezes. In the ten buildings have been recognized 19 friezes and 13 mosaic. In the first case, 5 space groups are identified, but the 1m1 and 2mm are the most common groups. On the mosaics are identified 5 space groups. The most common are the P4mm and Cmm groups. From the study, activities are proposed along a city tour for students of university degrees related to crystallography or mathematics or Secondary Education students. Students will apply the activities when visiting the building, responding to the implementation of the theoretical contents developed in the classroom. Essentially consist in representing the observed ornamental and identification of different geometric elements.