El lugar del intérprete y de la interpretación en un entorno institucional
Resumen La interpretación de conferencia mantiene su relevancia en el marco institucional cuyas bases fueron sentadas durante la posguerra. No obstante, el contexto en el que se desenvuelve la interpretación ha cambiado en numerosos aspectos. La generalización de la interpretación simultánea marcó el inicio de nuevas tendencias hacia el desplazamiento espacial de los intérpretes y, hoy en día, el distanciamiento de otros participantes del lugar físico de la reunión, así como la compresión del contenido de las reuniones. Dichos cambios se han intensificado y acelerado con la participación a distancia. Se analizarán estos aspectos desde la perspectiva de la OCDE, organización multilateral con sede en París. Al parecer, los cambios están ejerciendo una gran presión sobre los intérpretes. Se argumentará que, para mantener su pertinencia, los intérpretes han de aprovechar los nuevos recursos que ofrecen las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación.
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Albl-Mikasa, Michaela. 2014. «English as a lingua franca in international conferences. Current and future developments in interpreting studies». Interpreting and Translation Studies 18 (3): 17-42.
Alley, Erica. 2009. «Exploring Remote Interpreting». International Journal of Interpreter Education XX: X-XX
AIIC. «Report of 2015 Workload Statistics». https://aiic.net/surveys/findings/get. Accessed January 3, 2017.
Andres, Dörte and Stephanie Falk. 2013. «Information and Communication Technologies in Interpreting – Remote and Telephone Interpreting», in De Rioja, Lourdes. 7-11-2013. «A word in your ear». https://lourdesderioja.com/tag/dorte-andres/. Accessed December 15, 2016.
Baigorri Jalón, Jesús. 2011. «Back to the Future». Presentation at the 15th SCIC Universities Conference, Brussels 2»-24 March 2011. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/scic/cooperation-with-universities/universities-conferences/15th_dg_interpretationuniversities_conference/docs/2011_baigorri.pdf. Accessed January 2 2017
Baigorri Jalón, Jesús. 2014. From Paris to Nuremberg: the Birth of Conference Interpreting. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Barghout, Alma, Lucía Ruiz Rosendo and Mónica Varela García. 2015. «The Influence of Speed on Omissions in Simultaneous Interpreting: an empirical study». Babel 61 (3): 305-334. https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.61.3.01bar
Braun, Sabine. 2013. «Keep your distance? Remote interpreting in legal proceedings». Interpreting 15 (2): 200-228. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.15.2.03bra
Cronin, Michael. 2003. Translation and Globalization. London and New York: Routledge.
Déjean le Féal, Karla. 1978. Lectures et improvisations – incidence de la forme de l'énonciation sur la traduction simultanée. Unpublished doctoral thesis. University Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris 3.
Dlugan, Andrew. 2012. «What is the Average Speaking Rate?» http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/speaking-rate/. Accessed January 6 2017.
Donovan, Clare. 2009. «A Study of Changing Patterns of Language Use in International Conferences», in La traduction et ses métiers, aspects théoriques et pratiques, ed. by Colette Laplace, Marianne Lederer, Daniel Gile. Paris: Lettres modernes Minard. 53-72.
Gerver, David. 1969. «The effects of source language presentation rate on the performance of simultaneous conference interpreters», in Proceedings of the 2nd Louisville Conference on Rate and/or Frequency Controlled Speech, ed. by Emerson Foulke. Louisville, KY: University of Louisville, 162-184.
Gile, Daniel. 1999. «Testing the efforts model's tightrope hypothesis in simultaneous interpreting – A contribution». Hermes 23, Aarhus School of Business: 153-172.
Gile, Daniel. 2001. «Consecutive vs simultaneous: which is more accurate?». Interpretation Studies 1, Japanese Association for Interpretation Studies: 8-20.
Hatim, Basil and Ian Mason. 1997. The Translator as Communicator. London: Routledge.
Jacob, Hans. 1962. Kind meiner Zeit. Cologne: Klepenheur & Witsch.
Joscelyne, Andrew. 2000. «The Role of Translation in an International Organisation», en Translating into Success: Cutting-edge Strategies for going Multilingual in a Global Age, ed. by Robert C. Sprung. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamin's, 81-95. https://doi.org/10.1075/ata.xi.10jos
Kalina, Sylvia and Klaus Ziegler. 2015. «Technology», en Routledge Encyclopedia of Interpreting studies, ed. by Franz Pöchhacker. London: Routledge, 410-412
Keiser, Walter. 2004. «L'interprétation de conférence en tant que profession et les précurseurs de l'Association internationale des interprètes de conférence (AIIC) 1918-1953». Meta 49 (3) :579-608. https://doi.org/10.7202/009380ar
Lederer, Marianne. 1981. La Traduction simultanée. Paris: Minard Lettres Modernes.
Li, Changshuan. 2010. «Coping Strategies for Fast Delivery in Simultaneous Interpretation». Journal of Specialised Translation 13: 19-25.
Moser, Barbara. 2003. «Remote interpreting: assessment of human factors and performance parameters». http://www.aiic.net/ViewPage.cfm/page1125.htm. Accessed January 9, 2017.
Mouzourakis, Panayotis. 2003. «That feeling of being there: vision and presence in remote interpreting». http://aiic.net/page/1173/that-feeling-of-being-there-vision-and-presence-in-remote-interpreting/lang/1. AIIC website. Accessed January 5, 2017.
Mouzourakis, Panayotis. 2006. «Remote interpreting: a technical perspective on recent experiments». Interpreting 8 (1): 45-66. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.8.1.04mou
Neff, Jacquy. «AIIC statistics: Summary of the 2012 report». April 30, 2014. http://aiic.net/p/6878. Accessed January 5, 2017.
Pio, Sonia. 2003. «The relation between ST delivery rate and quality in simultaneous interpretation». The Interpreters' Newsletter 12: 69-100.
Pöchhacker, Franz. (ed.) 2015. Routledge Encyclopedia of Interpreting Studies. London & New York: Routledge
Riccardi, Alessandra. 2015. «Speech Rate», en Routledge Encyclopedia of Interpreting Studies. London & New York: Routledge, 397-399.
Rodero, Emma. 2012. «A comparative analysis of speech rate and perception in radio bulletins». Text and Talk 32 (3): 391-411. https://doi.org/10.1515/text-2012-0019
Roziner, Ilan and Miriam Shlesinger. 2010. «Much ado about something remote. Stress and performance in remote interpreting». Interpreting 12 (2): 214-247. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.12.2.05roz
Sabatini, Elisabetta. 2000. «Listening comprehension, shadowing and simultaneous interpretation of two "non-standard" English speeches». Interpreting 5 (1): 25-48. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.5.1.03sab
Seleskovith, Danica and Marianne Lederer. 1989. La pédagogie raisonnée de l'interprétation. Paris: Didier Erudition. Available in English translation: A Systematic Approach to Teaching Interpreting. 1995. Translated by Jacolyn Harmer.
Vereycken, Hilde. 2012. «Remote Interpreting: the Council experience» at 16th SCIC Universities Conference, 16 March 2012 http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/scic/cooperation-with-universities/universities-conferences/16th/docs/5a.hilde_vereycken.pdf. Accessed January 3, 2017.
Private Market Sector Standing Committee. «Conference and remote interpreting: a new turning point?». aiic.net. March 15, 2011. Accessed January 6, 2017 http://aiic.net/p/3590.
Alley, Erica. 2009. «Exploring Remote Interpreting». International Journal of Interpreter Education XX: X-XX
AIIC. «Report of 2015 Workload Statistics». https://aiic.net/surveys/findings/get. Accessed January 3, 2017.
Andres, Dörte and Stephanie Falk. 2013. «Information and Communication Technologies in Interpreting – Remote and Telephone Interpreting», in De Rioja, Lourdes. 7-11-2013. «A word in your ear». https://lourdesderioja.com/tag/dorte-andres/. Accessed December 15, 2016.
Baigorri Jalón, Jesús. 2011. «Back to the Future». Presentation at the 15th SCIC Universities Conference, Brussels 2»-24 March 2011. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/scic/cooperation-with-universities/universities-conferences/15th_dg_interpretationuniversities_conference/docs/2011_baigorri.pdf. Accessed January 2 2017
Baigorri Jalón, Jesús. 2014. From Paris to Nuremberg: the Birth of Conference Interpreting. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Barghout, Alma, Lucía Ruiz Rosendo and Mónica Varela García. 2015. «The Influence of Speed on Omissions in Simultaneous Interpreting: an empirical study». Babel 61 (3): 305-334. https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.61.3.01bar
Braun, Sabine. 2013. «Keep your distance? Remote interpreting in legal proceedings». Interpreting 15 (2): 200-228. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.15.2.03bra
Cronin, Michael. 2003. Translation and Globalization. London and New York: Routledge.
Déjean le Féal, Karla. 1978. Lectures et improvisations – incidence de la forme de l'énonciation sur la traduction simultanée. Unpublished doctoral thesis. University Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris 3.
Dlugan, Andrew. 2012. «What is the Average Speaking Rate?» http://sixminutes.dlugan.com/speaking-rate/. Accessed January 6 2017.
Donovan, Clare. 2009. «A Study of Changing Patterns of Language Use in International Conferences», in La traduction et ses métiers, aspects théoriques et pratiques, ed. by Colette Laplace, Marianne Lederer, Daniel Gile. Paris: Lettres modernes Minard. 53-72.
Gerver, David. 1969. «The effects of source language presentation rate on the performance of simultaneous conference interpreters», in Proceedings of the 2nd Louisville Conference on Rate and/or Frequency Controlled Speech, ed. by Emerson Foulke. Louisville, KY: University of Louisville, 162-184.
Gile, Daniel. 1999. «Testing the efforts model's tightrope hypothesis in simultaneous interpreting – A contribution». Hermes 23, Aarhus School of Business: 153-172.
Gile, Daniel. 2001. «Consecutive vs simultaneous: which is more accurate?». Interpretation Studies 1, Japanese Association for Interpretation Studies: 8-20.
Hatim, Basil and Ian Mason. 1997. The Translator as Communicator. London: Routledge.
Jacob, Hans. 1962. Kind meiner Zeit. Cologne: Klepenheur & Witsch.
Joscelyne, Andrew. 2000. «The Role of Translation in an International Organisation», en Translating into Success: Cutting-edge Strategies for going Multilingual in a Global Age, ed. by Robert C. Sprung. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamin's, 81-95. https://doi.org/10.1075/ata.xi.10jos
Kalina, Sylvia and Klaus Ziegler. 2015. «Technology», en Routledge Encyclopedia of Interpreting studies, ed. by Franz Pöchhacker. London: Routledge, 410-412
Keiser, Walter. 2004. «L'interprétation de conférence en tant que profession et les précurseurs de l'Association internationale des interprètes de conférence (AIIC) 1918-1953». Meta 49 (3) :579-608. https://doi.org/10.7202/009380ar
Lederer, Marianne. 1981. La Traduction simultanée. Paris: Minard Lettres Modernes.
Li, Changshuan. 2010. «Coping Strategies for Fast Delivery in Simultaneous Interpretation». Journal of Specialised Translation 13: 19-25.
Moser, Barbara. 2003. «Remote interpreting: assessment of human factors and performance parameters». http://www.aiic.net/ViewPage.cfm/page1125.htm. Accessed January 9, 2017.
Mouzourakis, Panayotis. 2003. «That feeling of being there: vision and presence in remote interpreting». http://aiic.net/page/1173/that-feeling-of-being-there-vision-and-presence-in-remote-interpreting/lang/1. AIIC website. Accessed January 5, 2017.
Mouzourakis, Panayotis. 2006. «Remote interpreting: a technical perspective on recent experiments». Interpreting 8 (1): 45-66. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.8.1.04mou
Neff, Jacquy. «AIIC statistics: Summary of the 2012 report». April 30, 2014. http://aiic.net/p/6878. Accessed January 5, 2017.
Pio, Sonia. 2003. «The relation between ST delivery rate and quality in simultaneous interpretation». The Interpreters' Newsletter 12: 69-100.
Pöchhacker, Franz. (ed.) 2015. Routledge Encyclopedia of Interpreting Studies. London & New York: Routledge
Riccardi, Alessandra. 2015. «Speech Rate», en Routledge Encyclopedia of Interpreting Studies. London & New York: Routledge, 397-399.
Rodero, Emma. 2012. «A comparative analysis of speech rate and perception in radio bulletins». Text and Talk 32 (3): 391-411. https://doi.org/10.1515/text-2012-0019
Roziner, Ilan and Miriam Shlesinger. 2010. «Much ado about something remote. Stress and performance in remote interpreting». Interpreting 12 (2): 214-247. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.12.2.05roz
Sabatini, Elisabetta. 2000. «Listening comprehension, shadowing and simultaneous interpretation of two "non-standard" English speeches». Interpreting 5 (1): 25-48. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.5.1.03sab
Seleskovith, Danica and Marianne Lederer. 1989. La pédagogie raisonnée de l'interprétation. Paris: Didier Erudition. Available in English translation: A Systematic Approach to Teaching Interpreting. 1995. Translated by Jacolyn Harmer.
Vereycken, Hilde. 2012. «Remote Interpreting: the Council experience» at 16th SCIC Universities Conference, 16 March 2012 http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/scic/cooperation-with-universities/universities-conferences/16th/docs/5a.hilde_vereycken.pdf. Accessed January 3, 2017.
Private Market Sector Standing Committee. «Conference and remote interpreting: a new turning point?». aiic.net. March 15, 2011. Accessed January 6, 2017 http://aiic.net/p/3590.
Donovan, C. (2017). El lugar del intérprete y de la interpretación en un entorno institucional. CLINA Revista Interdisciplinaria De Traducción Interpretación Y Comunicación Intercultural, 3(2), 91–113. https://doi.org/10.14201/clina20173291113
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