Interpretar en la frontera: «Interpretación puente» para el ACNUR
Resumen Este artículo ofrece una visión general del estado de la investigación sobre la interpretación en zonas de conflicto, con especial atención al trabajo con los refugiados. El marco teórico se basa en la propia experiencia de la autora, que trabajó como intérprete sobre el terreno para el ACNUR en Macedonia y Kosovo en 1999/2000, así como en las experiencias de una colega que ejerció como intérprete en Macedonia en el contexto de la crisis europea de los refugiados en la frontera greco-macedonia en el 2015/2016. Tras abordar el problema de la discrepancia existente entre la neutralidad recomendada y las experiencias cotidianas donde se ejerce la mediación y la defensa de personas en situación de vulnerabilidad, se propone una nueva forma de entender el trabajo de los intérpretes en los conflictos como «intérprete puente», abogando por interpretar de manera independiente entre los participantes en la situación comunicativa.
- Referencias
- Cómo citar
- Del mismo autor
- Métricas
Allen, Katharine. 2012. «Interpreting in Conflict Zones». NAJIT. Accessed December 26, 2016. http://najit.org/blog/?p=229.
Allport, Gordon. 1942. The Use of Personal Documents in Psychological Science. New York: Social Science Research Council.
Apter, Emily. 2005. The Translation Zone: A New Comparative Literature. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Baker, Mona. 2006. Translation and Conflict: A Narrative Account. London and New York: Routledge.
Baker, Mona. 2010. «Interpreters and Translators in the War Zone: Narrated and Narrators. The Translator 16 (2): 197-222. https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2010.10799469
Boulle, Laurence, Michael T. Jr. Colatrella and Anthony P. Picchioni. 2008. Mediation: Skills and Techniques. San Francisco: LexisNexis.
Boulle, Laurence and Miryana Nesic. 2001. Mediation: Principles Process Practice. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Dragovic-Drouet, Mila. 2007. «The Practice of Translation and Interpreting During the Conflicts in the Former Yugoslavia (1991-1999)». In Translating and Interpreting Conflict, ed. by Myriam Salama-Carr. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 29-40.
Erikson, Erik. 1958. Young Man Luther: A Study in Psychoanalysis and History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Erikson, Erik. 1969. Gandhi's Truth: On the Origins of Militant Nonviolence. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Erikson, Erik. 1975. Life History and the Historical Moment. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Inghilleri, Moira. 2005. «Mediating Zones of Uncertainty: Interpreter Agency, the Interpreting Habitus and Political Asylum Adjudication». The Translator 11(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2005.10799190
Maryns, Katrijn. 2006. The Asylum Speaker: Language in the Belgium Asylum Procedure. London: Routledge.
Moser-Mercer, Barbara and Grégoire Bali. 2008. «Interpreting in zones of crisis and war». AIIC. Accessed December 19, 2016. http://aiic.net/p/2979.
Moser-Mercer, Barbara, Leïla Kherbiche and Barbara Class. 2014. «Interpreting Conflict: Training Challenges in Humanitarian Field Interpreting». Journal of Human Rights Practice 6 (1): 140-158. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhuman/hut025
Mulayim, Sedat and Miranda Lai. 2010. «Training refugees to become interpreters for refugees». The International Journal of Translating and Interpreting Research 2 (1): 48-60.
Palmer, Jerry. 2007. «Interpreting and Translation for Western Media in Iraq». In Translating and Interpreting Conflict, ed. by Myriam Salama-Carr. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 13-28.
Pöllabauer, Sonja. 2004. «Interpreting in Asylum Hearings: Issues of Role, Responsibility and Power». Interpreting 6 (2): 143-180. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.6.2.03pol
Rafael, Vicente. 2007. «Translation in Wartime». Public Culture 19 (2): 239-246. https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-2006-034
Ruiz Rosendo, Lucía and Clementina Persaud. 2016. «Interpreting in Conflict Zones Throughout History». Linguistica Antverpiensia (Themes in Translation Studies) 15: 1-35.
Stahuljak, Zrinka. 2000. «Violent Distortions: Bearing Witness to the Task of Wartime». Traduction, Terminologie, Rédaction 13 (1): 137-151. https://doi.org/10.7202/037392ar
Tipton, Rebecca and Olgierda Furmanek. 2016. Dialogue Interpreting: A Guide to Interpreting in Public Services and the Community. New York: Routledge.
Tymoczko, Maria. 2003. «Ideology and the position of the translator: in what sense is a translator "in between"?» In Apropos of Ideology –Translation Studies on Ideology– Ideologies in Translation Studies, ed. by Maria Calzada Perez. Manchester: St Jerome, 181-201.
Todorova, Marija. 2016. «Interpreting conflict mediation in Kosovo and Macedonia». Linguistica Antverpiensia (Themes in Translation Studies) 15: 227-240.
UNHCR. 2009. «Self-Study Module 3: Interpreting in a Refugee Context». Accessed December 19, 2016. http://www.refworld.org/docid/49b6314d2.html.
UNHCR. 2015. «Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2015». Accessed December 28, 2016. http://www.unhcr.org/576408cd7.pdf.K
Allport, Gordon. 1942. The Use of Personal Documents in Psychological Science. New York: Social Science Research Council.
Apter, Emily. 2005. The Translation Zone: A New Comparative Literature. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Baker, Mona. 2006. Translation and Conflict: A Narrative Account. London and New York: Routledge.
Baker, Mona. 2010. «Interpreters and Translators in the War Zone: Narrated and Narrators. The Translator 16 (2): 197-222. https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2010.10799469
Boulle, Laurence, Michael T. Jr. Colatrella and Anthony P. Picchioni. 2008. Mediation: Skills and Techniques. San Francisco: LexisNexis.
Boulle, Laurence and Miryana Nesic. 2001. Mediation: Principles Process Practice. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Dragovic-Drouet, Mila. 2007. «The Practice of Translation and Interpreting During the Conflicts in the Former Yugoslavia (1991-1999)». In Translating and Interpreting Conflict, ed. by Myriam Salama-Carr. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 29-40.
Erikson, Erik. 1958. Young Man Luther: A Study in Psychoanalysis and History. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Erikson, Erik. 1969. Gandhi's Truth: On the Origins of Militant Nonviolence. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Erikson, Erik. 1975. Life History and the Historical Moment. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Inghilleri, Moira. 2005. «Mediating Zones of Uncertainty: Interpreter Agency, the Interpreting Habitus and Political Asylum Adjudication». The Translator 11(1): 69-85. https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2005.10799190
Maryns, Katrijn. 2006. The Asylum Speaker: Language in the Belgium Asylum Procedure. London: Routledge.
Moser-Mercer, Barbara and Grégoire Bali. 2008. «Interpreting in zones of crisis and war». AIIC. Accessed December 19, 2016. http://aiic.net/p/2979.
Moser-Mercer, Barbara, Leïla Kherbiche and Barbara Class. 2014. «Interpreting Conflict: Training Challenges in Humanitarian Field Interpreting». Journal of Human Rights Practice 6 (1): 140-158. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhuman/hut025
Mulayim, Sedat and Miranda Lai. 2010. «Training refugees to become interpreters for refugees». The International Journal of Translating and Interpreting Research 2 (1): 48-60.
Palmer, Jerry. 2007. «Interpreting and Translation for Western Media in Iraq». In Translating and Interpreting Conflict, ed. by Myriam Salama-Carr. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 13-28.
Pöllabauer, Sonja. 2004. «Interpreting in Asylum Hearings: Issues of Role, Responsibility and Power». Interpreting 6 (2): 143-180. https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.6.2.03pol
Rafael, Vicente. 2007. «Translation in Wartime». Public Culture 19 (2): 239-246. https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-2006-034
Ruiz Rosendo, Lucía and Clementina Persaud. 2016. «Interpreting in Conflict Zones Throughout History». Linguistica Antverpiensia (Themes in Translation Studies) 15: 1-35.
Stahuljak, Zrinka. 2000. «Violent Distortions: Bearing Witness to the Task of Wartime». Traduction, Terminologie, Rédaction 13 (1): 137-151. https://doi.org/10.7202/037392ar
Tipton, Rebecca and Olgierda Furmanek. 2016. Dialogue Interpreting: A Guide to Interpreting in Public Services and the Community. New York: Routledge.
Tymoczko, Maria. 2003. «Ideology and the position of the translator: in what sense is a translator "in between"?» In Apropos of Ideology –Translation Studies on Ideology– Ideologies in Translation Studies, ed. by Maria Calzada Perez. Manchester: St Jerome, 181-201.
Todorova, Marija. 2016. «Interpreting conflict mediation in Kosovo and Macedonia». Linguistica Antverpiensia (Themes in Translation Studies) 15: 227-240.
UNHCR. 2009. «Self-Study Module 3: Interpreting in a Refugee Context». Accessed December 19, 2016. http://www.refworld.org/docid/49b6314d2.html.
UNHCR. 2015. «Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2015». Accessed December 28, 2016. http://www.unhcr.org/576408cd7.pdf.K
Todorova, M. (2017). Interpretar en la frontera: «Interpretación puente» para el ACNUR. CLINA Revista Interdisciplinaria De Traducción Interpretación Y Comunicación Intercultural, 3(2), 115–129. https://doi.org/10.14201/clina201732115129
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