El análisis de la atribución en diversos textos: la partícula «according to» en textos de divulgación científica y en editoriales de The Guardian
Resumen Ha sido realmente la unión de las nuevas tecnologías y la necesidad creciente por popularizar la ciencia lo que ha hecho que la divulgación científica alcance un nivel de difusión hasta ahora insospechado. La divulgación científica normalmente se lleva a cabo por una serie de periodistas que publican en secciones científicas de los periódicos y actúan como intermediarios entre los científicos y la sociedad (Gil Salom 2000-2001, 443), elaborando su discurso mediante una serie de elecciones lingüísticas y discursivas que transforman en texto los eventos reales (McCabe y Heilman 2007, 139). En el análisis contrastivo que aquí se presenta, tratamos de contribuir a una mejor caracterización de una de esas elecciones discursivas; la atribución explícita, al mismo tiempo que intentamos identificar cuáles son los elementos que más frecuentemente acompañan al marcador discursivo ‘according to’. Para ello, hemos analizado un corpus de artículos de divulgación científica y un corpus de editoriales del periódico británico The Guardian, comparando las diferencias en frecuencia de aparición de la citada partícula tanto en primeros párrafos como en el resto del texto.
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CALSAMIGLIA, Helena and Carmen LÓPEZ FERRERO. 2003. «Role and Position in Scientific Voices: Reported Speech in the Media». Discourse Studies 5 (2): 147-173.
CONRAD, Susan and Douglas BIBER. 1999. «Adverbial Marking of Stance in Speech and Writing». In Evaluation in Text, ed. by Susan HUNSTON and Geoff THOMPSON. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 56-73.
GARCÍA RIAZA, Blanca and Izaskun ELORZA. 2010. «The Construction of Discourse in Science Popularizations in The Guardian: Thematisation and Attribution Sources». Paper presented at the XXVIII Congreso AESLA. Vigo, April 15-17.
GIL SALOM, Luz. 2000-2001. «El discurso de la ciencia y la tecnología: el artículo científico de investigación vs. el artículo de divulgación científica». RESLA 14: 429-449.
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HOEY, Michael. 2005. Lexical Priming. London: Routledge.
HUNSTON, Susan and Geoff THOMPSON. 1999. Evaluation in Text. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
HYLAND, Ken 2000. Disciplinary Discourses. Social Interaction in Academic Writing. London: Longman.
KIM, CHUL-KYU and Geoff THOMPSON. 2010. «Obligation and Reader Involvement in English and Korean Science Popularizations: a Corpus-based Cross-cultural Text Analysis». Text & Talk 30 (1): 53-73.
MAHLBERG, Michaela and Matthew O’DONNELL. 2008. «A Fresh View of the Structure of Hard News Stories». In Proceedings of the Nineteenth European Systemic Functional Linguistics Conference and Workshop, Saarbrücken, Germany, ed. by Erich STEINER and Stella NEUMANN. Accessed July 20, 2015. http://scidok.sulb.uni-saarland.de/volltexte/2008/1700/.
MCCABE, Anne and Karl HEILMAN. 2007. «Textual and Interpersonal Differences between a News Report and an Editorial». Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses 20: 139-156.
MCENERY, Tony and Andrew WILSON. 2001 [1996]. Corpus Linguistics. Edinburgh Textbooks in Empirical Linguistics. Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press.
MYERS, Greg. 1990 «Making a Discovery: Narratives of Split Genes». In Narrative in Culture. The Uses of Storytelling in the Sciences, Philosophy, and Literature, ed. by Christopher NASH. London: Routledge, 102-126.
MYERS, Greg. 1994. «Narratives of Science and Nature in Popularizing Molecular Genetics». In Advances in Written Text Analysis, ed. by Malcolm COULTHARD. London: Routledge, 179190.
MYERS, Greg. 2003. «Discourse Studies of Science Popularization: Questioning the Boundaries». Discourse Studies 5 (2): 265-279.
PEARSON, Jennifer. 1998. Terms in Context, Studies in Corpus Linguistics 1. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
SCOTT, Michael. 2004-2005. WordSmith Tools, Version 4.0. Oxford: Oxford University Press, [Software].
SCOTT, Michael and Christopher Tribble. 2006. Textual Patterns. Key Words and Corpus Analysis in Language Education. Studies in Corpus Linguistics 22. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
SINCLAIR, John McHardy. 1991. Corpus, Concordance, Collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
STUBBS, Michael. 1996. Text and Corpus Analysis: Computer-assisted Studies of Language and Culture. Oxford/Malden: Blackwell.
CALDAS-COULTHARD, Carmen Rosa. 1994. «On Reporting Reporting: the Representation of Speech in Factual and Factional Narratives». In Advances in Written Text Analysis, ed. by Malcom COULTHARD. London: Routledge, 295-308.
CALSAMIGLIA, Helena and Carmen LÓPEZ FERRERO. 2003. «Role and Position in Scientific Voices: Reported Speech in the Media». Discourse Studies 5 (2): 147-173.
CONRAD, Susan and Douglas BIBER. 1999. «Adverbial Marking of Stance in Speech and Writing». In Evaluation in Text, ed. by Susan HUNSTON and Geoff THOMPSON. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 56-73.
GARCÍA RIAZA, Blanca and Izaskun ELORZA. 2010. «The Construction of Discourse in Science Popularizations in The Guardian: Thematisation and Attribution Sources». Paper presented at the XXVIII Congreso AESLA. Vigo, April 15-17.
GIL SALOM, Luz. 2000-2001. «El discurso de la ciencia y la tecnología: el artículo científico de investigación vs. el artículo de divulgación científica». RESLA 14: 429-449.
HALLIDAY, Michael Alexander. 1985. An Introduction to Functional Grammar. London: Edward Arnold.
HALLIDAY, Michael Alexander and Christian MATTHIESSEN. 2004. An Introduction to Functional Grammar. 3rd Revised Edition. London: Edward Arnold.
HO-DAC, Lydia-Mai. 2008. «Discourse Organisation though Theme Position». In Proceedings of the Nineteenth European Systemic Functional Linguistics Conference and Workshop, Saarbrücken, Germany, ed. by Erich STEINER and Stella NEUMANN. Accessed July 20, 2015. http://scidok.sulb.uni-saarland.de/volltexte/2008/1691/.
HOEY, Michael. 2005. Lexical Priming. London: Routledge.
HUNSTON, Susan and Geoff THOMPSON. 1999. Evaluation in Text. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
HYLAND, Ken 2000. Disciplinary Discourses. Social Interaction in Academic Writing. London: Longman.
KIM, CHUL-KYU and Geoff THOMPSON. 2010. «Obligation and Reader Involvement in English and Korean Science Popularizations: a Corpus-based Cross-cultural Text Analysis». Text & Talk 30 (1): 53-73.
MAHLBERG, Michaela and Matthew O’DONNELL. 2008. «A Fresh View of the Structure of Hard News Stories». In Proceedings of the Nineteenth European Systemic Functional Linguistics Conference and Workshop, Saarbrücken, Germany, ed. by Erich STEINER and Stella NEUMANN. Accessed July 20, 2015. http://scidok.sulb.uni-saarland.de/volltexte/2008/1700/.
MCCABE, Anne and Karl HEILMAN. 2007. «Textual and Interpersonal Differences between a News Report and an Editorial». Revista Alicantina de Estudios Ingleses 20: 139-156.
MCENERY, Tony and Andrew WILSON. 2001 [1996]. Corpus Linguistics. Edinburgh Textbooks in Empirical Linguistics. Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press.
MYERS, Greg. 1990 «Making a Discovery: Narratives of Split Genes». In Narrative in Culture. The Uses of Storytelling in the Sciences, Philosophy, and Literature, ed. by Christopher NASH. London: Routledge, 102-126.
MYERS, Greg. 1994. «Narratives of Science and Nature in Popularizing Molecular Genetics». In Advances in Written Text Analysis, ed. by Malcolm COULTHARD. London: Routledge, 179190.
MYERS, Greg. 2003. «Discourse Studies of Science Popularization: Questioning the Boundaries». Discourse Studies 5 (2): 265-279.
PEARSON, Jennifer. 1998. Terms in Context, Studies in Corpus Linguistics 1. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
SCOTT, Michael. 2004-2005. WordSmith Tools, Version 4.0. Oxford: Oxford University Press, [Software].
SCOTT, Michael and Christopher Tribble. 2006. Textual Patterns. Key Words and Corpus Analysis in Language Education. Studies in Corpus Linguistics 22. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
SINCLAIR, John McHardy. 1991. Corpus, Concordance, Collocation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
STUBBS, Michael. 1996. Text and Corpus Analysis: Computer-assisted Studies of Language and Culture. Oxford/Malden: Blackwell.
García Riaza, B. (2015). El análisis de la atribución en diversos textos: la partícula «according to» en textos de divulgación científica y en editoriales de The Guardian. CLINA Revista Interdisciplinaria De Traducción Interpretación Y Comunicación Intercultural, 1(2), 69–86. Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.usal.es/dos/index.php/clina/article/view/13970
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