Women’s legislative participation in the Argentine provinces, 1989-2011
Abstract The article aims to study the legislative representation of women in Argentina’s provinces from 1989 to 2011. First, there is an analysis of the evolution of women’s access to the subnational legislatures in terms of electoral rules and gender quota laws, following the main institutionalist hypotheses developed in gender studies. Then, follows a study in six provinces of the impact that the change in the proportion of women legislators has on the organization and composition of Legislative Committees. The results show that while the level of women’s representation in the Argentina provinces improved, the parliamentary participation of legislators continues skewed by gender.
- Referencias
- Cómo citar
- Del mismo autor
- Métricas
ALLES, Santiago. Efectos del sistema electoral sobre la representación de mujeres. Argumentos y evidencia a partir del caso argentino (1983-2005). Revista saaP, 2008, vol. 3 (2): 313-353.
ARCHENTI, Nélida y JOHNSON, Niki. Engendering The Legislative Agenda with and without the Quota. A Comparative Study of Argentina and Uruguay. Sociología, Problemas e Práticas, 2006, vol. 52: 133-153.
BORNER, Jutta; CAMINOTTI, Mariana y MARX, Jutta. Las legisladoras: Cupos de géneros y política en Argentina y Brasil. Buenos Aires: Siglo xxi, 2007.
CAMINOTTI, Mariana. Derribar los muros indebidos: Reflexiones en torno a las leyes de cupo femenino en Argentina. Aportes para el Estado y la Administración Gubernamental, 2009, vol. 25: 13-33.
CARROLL, Susan. Women candidates and support for feminist concerns: The closet feminist syndrome. Political Research Quarterly, 1984, vol. 37: 307-323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106591298403700208.
CAUL, Miki. Women’s representation in parliament: The role of political parties. Party Politics, 1999, vol. 5 (71): 79-98.
CHILDS, Sarah y KROOK, Mona Lena. The substantive representation of women: rethinking the «Critical Mass» debate. Trabajo presentado en el Encuentro Anual de la American Political Science Association, 2005: en línea: http://www.psa.ac.uk/2006/pps/Childs.pdf. Fecha de acceso: 9 de mayo del 2011.
CONSTITUCIONES Provinciales. Información Legislativa y Documentación (InfoLeg): en línea: www. infoleg.gov.ar/?page_id=45.
DAHLERUP, Drude. The theory of a «critical mass» revisited. Ponencia presentada en la Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, 2005.
DAHLERUP, Drude. Women, politics and quotas. New York: Routledge, 2006.
FRANCESCHET, Susan y PISCOPO, Jennifer. Gender quotas and women’s substantive representation: Lessons from Argentina. Politics & Gender, 2008, vol. 4 (3): 393-425.
FUGIERO, Melissa; NYIRI, Zsolt y VENGROFF, Richard. Electoral system and gender representation in sub-national legislatures: Is there a national-subnational gender gap? Political Research Quarterly, 2003, vol. 56 (2): 163-173. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3219895; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106591290305600205.
GREEN, Jennifer; HUGHES, Melanie y PAXTON, Pamela. The International Women’s Movement and Women’s Representation, 1893-2003. American Sociological Review, 2006, vol. 71 (6): 898-920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240607100602.
HEATH, Roseanna; SCHWINDT-BAYER, Leslie y TAYLOR-ROBINSON, Michelle. Women on the sidelines: Women’s representation on committees in Latin American legislatures. American Journal of Political Science, 2005, vol. 49 (2): 420-436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0092- 5853.2005.00132.x; http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3647686.
HTUN, Mala y JONES, Mark. Engendering the right to participate in decision-making. En CRASKE, Nikki y MOLINEUX, Maxine. Gender and the politics of rights and democracy in Latin America. Londres: Palgrave, 2002.
INGLEHART, Ronald; NORRIS, Pippa y WELZEL, Christian. Gender equality and democracy. Comparative Sociology, 2002, vol. 1 (3-4): 321-345.
JONES, Mark. Gender quotas, electoral laws and the election of women: Lessons from the Argentine provinces. Comparative Political Studies, 1998, vol. 31 (3): 3-21.
JONES, Mark. Gender quotas, electoral laws, and the election of women: Evidence from the Latin American vanguard. Comparative Political Studies, 2008, vol. 42 (56): 56-81.
JONES, Mark et al. Cuotas de género, leyes electorales y elección de legisladoras en América Latina. Revista de Ciencia Política (Santiago), 2012, vol. 32 (3): 331-357.
KANG, Alice y TRIPP, Aili. The global impact of quotas: On the fast track to increased female legislative representation. Comparative Political Studies, 2008, vol. 41 (3): 338-361.
KANTER, Rosabeth. Some effects of proportions on group life: Skewed sex ratios and responses to token women. The American Journal of Sociology, 1977, vol. 82 (5): 965-990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/226425.
KENWORTHY, Lane y MALAMI, Melissa. Gender inequality in political representation: A worldwide comparative analysis. Social Forces, 1999, vol. 78 (1): 235-268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/78.1.235; http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3005796.
KONUVITCH, Susan y PAXTON, Pamela. Women’s political representation: The importance of ideology. Social Forces, 2003, vol. 82 (1): 87-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sof.2003.0105
LEGISLACIÓN Provincial de cupos femeninos. Consejo Nacional de las Mujeres (cnm): en línea: www. cnm.gov.ar. Fecha de consulta: 2 de agosto del 2011.
LEY 24.012. Información Legislativa y Documental (InfoLeg): en línea: www.infoleg.gov. ar/?page_id=112. Fecha de consulta: 23 de octubre de 2009.
LODOLA, Germán. The politics of subnational coalition building. Gubernatorial distributive strategies in Argentina and Brazil. PhD Dissertation. University of Pittsburgh, 2010.
LUBERTINO, María José. La participación política de las mujeres y la ley de cupos en Argentina.
En Las Reformas Electorales Pendientes: Órganos electorales, listas de candidaturas y cuotas femeninas. Santo Domingo: Participación Ciudadana, 2005: 119-147.
MANSBRIDGE, Jane. Should black represent black and women represent women? A contingent yes. The Journal of Politics, 1999, vol. 61 (3): 628-657. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2647821
MATLAND, Robert. Women’s representation in national legislatures: Developed and developing countries. Legislative Studies Quarterly, 1998, vol. 23 (1): 109-125. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/440217.
PARLINE DATABASE. Inter-Parliamentary Union: en línea: http://ipu.org/english/home.htm. Fecha de consulta: 15 de enero del 2012.
REYNOLDS, Andrew. Women in the legislatures and executives of the world: Knocking at the highest glass ceiling. World Politics, 1999, vol. 51 (4): 547-572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0043887100009254.
RULE, Wilma. Why women don’t run: The critical contextual factors in women’s legislative recruitment. The Western Political Quarterly, 1981, vol. 34 (1): 60-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/447890.
RULE, Wilma. Electoral systems, contextual factors and women’s opportunity for election to parliament in twenty-three democracies. The Western Political Quarterly, 1987, vol. 40 (3): 477-498. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/448386.
SEARCH DATABASE. Quota Project: en línea: www.quotaproyect.org. Fecha de consulta: 10 de octubre del 2011.
SECRETARÍA DE PROVINCIAS. Ministerio del Interior: en línea: http://www.mininterior.gov.ar/ provincias/provincias.php?idName=provincias&idNameSubMenu=&idNameSubMenuDe r=. Fecha de consulta: 10 de enero del 2012.
TULA, María Inés. La reforma política en las provincias argentinas. Elementos para su debate. Trabajo presentado en el XXIII Congreso Internacional de Latin American Studies Association (lasa), Washington dc, 2001: en línea: http://www.undp.org.ar/docs/Informes_y_Docu- mentos/12_Reforma_politica_provincias.pdf. Fecha de consulta: 23 de agosto de 2011.
TULA, María Inés. La ley de cupos en la Argentina: Reforma electoral y representación política. Paper presentado en el XXV Congreso Internacional de Latin American Studies Association (LASA), Las Vegas, Nevada, 2004: http://lasa.international.pitt.edu/members/congress-pa- pers/lasa2004/files/TulaMariaInes_xCD.pdf. Fecha de consulta: 10 de marzo de 2010.
YOON, Mi Yung. Explaining women’s legislative representation in Sub-Saharan Africa. Legislative Studies Quarterly, 2004, vol. 29 (3): 447-468.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/ 036298004X201258.
ZETTERBERG, Par. Do gender quotas foster women’s political engagement? Lessons from Latin America. Political Research Quarterly, 2009, vol. 62 (4): 715-730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1065912908322411.
ARCHENTI, Nélida y JOHNSON, Niki. Engendering The Legislative Agenda with and without the Quota. A Comparative Study of Argentina and Uruguay. Sociología, Problemas e Práticas, 2006, vol. 52: 133-153.
BORNER, Jutta; CAMINOTTI, Mariana y MARX, Jutta. Las legisladoras: Cupos de géneros y política en Argentina y Brasil. Buenos Aires: Siglo xxi, 2007.
CAMINOTTI, Mariana. Derribar los muros indebidos: Reflexiones en torno a las leyes de cupo femenino en Argentina. Aportes para el Estado y la Administración Gubernamental, 2009, vol. 25: 13-33.
CARROLL, Susan. Women candidates and support for feminist concerns: The closet feminist syndrome. Political Research Quarterly, 1984, vol. 37: 307-323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106591298403700208.
CAUL, Miki. Women’s representation in parliament: The role of political parties. Party Politics, 1999, vol. 5 (71): 79-98.
CHILDS, Sarah y KROOK, Mona Lena. The substantive representation of women: rethinking the «Critical Mass» debate. Trabajo presentado en el Encuentro Anual de la American Political Science Association, 2005: en línea: http://www.psa.ac.uk/2006/pps/Childs.pdf. Fecha de acceso: 9 de mayo del 2011.
CONSTITUCIONES Provinciales. Información Legislativa y Documentación (InfoLeg): en línea: www. infoleg.gov.ar/?page_id=45.
DAHLERUP, Drude. The theory of a «critical mass» revisited. Ponencia presentada en la Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, 2005.
DAHLERUP, Drude. Women, politics and quotas. New York: Routledge, 2006.
FRANCESCHET, Susan y PISCOPO, Jennifer. Gender quotas and women’s substantive representation: Lessons from Argentina. Politics & Gender, 2008, vol. 4 (3): 393-425.
FUGIERO, Melissa; NYIRI, Zsolt y VENGROFF, Richard. Electoral system and gender representation in sub-national legislatures: Is there a national-subnational gender gap? Political Research Quarterly, 2003, vol. 56 (2): 163-173. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3219895; http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106591290305600205.
GREEN, Jennifer; HUGHES, Melanie y PAXTON, Pamela. The International Women’s Movement and Women’s Representation, 1893-2003. American Sociological Review, 2006, vol. 71 (6): 898-920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000312240607100602.
HEATH, Roseanna; SCHWINDT-BAYER, Leslie y TAYLOR-ROBINSON, Michelle. Women on the sidelines: Women’s representation on committees in Latin American legislatures. American Journal of Political Science, 2005, vol. 49 (2): 420-436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0092- 5853.2005.00132.x; http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3647686.
HTUN, Mala y JONES, Mark. Engendering the right to participate in decision-making. En CRASKE, Nikki y MOLINEUX, Maxine. Gender and the politics of rights and democracy in Latin America. Londres: Palgrave, 2002.
INGLEHART, Ronald; NORRIS, Pippa y WELZEL, Christian. Gender equality and democracy. Comparative Sociology, 2002, vol. 1 (3-4): 321-345.
JONES, Mark. Gender quotas, electoral laws and the election of women: Lessons from the Argentine provinces. Comparative Political Studies, 1998, vol. 31 (3): 3-21.
JONES, Mark. Gender quotas, electoral laws, and the election of women: Evidence from the Latin American vanguard. Comparative Political Studies, 2008, vol. 42 (56): 56-81.
JONES, Mark et al. Cuotas de género, leyes electorales y elección de legisladoras en América Latina. Revista de Ciencia Política (Santiago), 2012, vol. 32 (3): 331-357.
KANG, Alice y TRIPP, Aili. The global impact of quotas: On the fast track to increased female legislative representation. Comparative Political Studies, 2008, vol. 41 (3): 338-361.
KANTER, Rosabeth. Some effects of proportions on group life: Skewed sex ratios and responses to token women. The American Journal of Sociology, 1977, vol. 82 (5): 965-990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/226425.
KENWORTHY, Lane y MALAMI, Melissa. Gender inequality in political representation: A worldwide comparative analysis. Social Forces, 1999, vol. 78 (1): 235-268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/78.1.235; http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3005796.
KONUVITCH, Susan y PAXTON, Pamela. Women’s political representation: The importance of ideology. Social Forces, 2003, vol. 82 (1): 87-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sof.2003.0105
LEGISLACIÓN Provincial de cupos femeninos. Consejo Nacional de las Mujeres (cnm): en línea: www. cnm.gov.ar. Fecha de consulta: 2 de agosto del 2011.
LEY 24.012. Información Legislativa y Documental (InfoLeg): en línea: www.infoleg.gov. ar/?page_id=112. Fecha de consulta: 23 de octubre de 2009.
LODOLA, Germán. The politics of subnational coalition building. Gubernatorial distributive strategies in Argentina and Brazil. PhD Dissertation. University of Pittsburgh, 2010.
LUBERTINO, María José. La participación política de las mujeres y la ley de cupos en Argentina.
En Las Reformas Electorales Pendientes: Órganos electorales, listas de candidaturas y cuotas femeninas. Santo Domingo: Participación Ciudadana, 2005: 119-147.
MANSBRIDGE, Jane. Should black represent black and women represent women? A contingent yes. The Journal of Politics, 1999, vol. 61 (3): 628-657. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2647821
MATLAND, Robert. Women’s representation in national legislatures: Developed and developing countries. Legislative Studies Quarterly, 1998, vol. 23 (1): 109-125. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/440217.
PARLINE DATABASE. Inter-Parliamentary Union: en línea: http://ipu.org/english/home.htm. Fecha de consulta: 15 de enero del 2012.
REYNOLDS, Andrew. Women in the legislatures and executives of the world: Knocking at the highest glass ceiling. World Politics, 1999, vol. 51 (4): 547-572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0043887100009254.
RULE, Wilma. Why women don’t run: The critical contextual factors in women’s legislative recruitment. The Western Political Quarterly, 1981, vol. 34 (1): 60-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/447890.
RULE, Wilma. Electoral systems, contextual factors and women’s opportunity for election to parliament in twenty-three democracies. The Western Political Quarterly, 1987, vol. 40 (3): 477-498. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/448386.
SEARCH DATABASE. Quota Project: en línea: www.quotaproyect.org. Fecha de consulta: 10 de octubre del 2011.
SECRETARÍA DE PROVINCIAS. Ministerio del Interior: en línea: http://www.mininterior.gov.ar/ provincias/provincias.php?idName=provincias&idNameSubMenu=&idNameSubMenuDe r=. Fecha de consulta: 10 de enero del 2012.
TULA, María Inés. La reforma política en las provincias argentinas. Elementos para su debate. Trabajo presentado en el XXIII Congreso Internacional de Latin American Studies Association (lasa), Washington dc, 2001: en línea: http://www.undp.org.ar/docs/Informes_y_Docu- mentos/12_Reforma_politica_provincias.pdf. Fecha de consulta: 23 de agosto de 2011.
TULA, María Inés. La ley de cupos en la Argentina: Reforma electoral y representación política. Paper presentado en el XXV Congreso Internacional de Latin American Studies Association (LASA), Las Vegas, Nevada, 2004: http://lasa.international.pitt.edu/members/congress-pa- pers/lasa2004/files/TulaMariaInes_xCD.pdf. Fecha de consulta: 10 de marzo de 2010.
YOON, Mi Yung. Explaining women’s legislative representation in Sub-Saharan Africa. Legislative Studies Quarterly, 2004, vol. 29 (3): 447-468.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/ 036298004X201258.
ZETTERBERG, Par. Do gender quotas foster women’s political engagement? Lessons from Latin America. Political Research Quarterly, 2009, vol. 62 (4): 715-730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1065912908322411.
Granara, A. (2014). Women’s legislative participation in the Argentine provinces, 1989-2011. América Latina Hoy, 66, 115–143. https://doi.org/10.14201/alh201466115143
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
+
−