El desarrollo de una matriz social para la evaluación de impacto de los biocombustibles
Resumen Aunque un gran número de trabajos se dedique a la evaluación de los impactos de los biocombustibles, los aspectos sociales de su sostenibilidad permanecen todavía muy poco conocidos y estudiados. El presente artículo se dedica a presentar un novedoso método de recogida sistemática de los aspectos sociales relacionados con la sostenibilidad de políticas y proyectos científicotecnológicos, utilizando el etanol como estudio de caso. Se concluye que la matriz social, desarrollada a partir de una revisión sistemática de la literatura disponible, constituye una valiosa herramienta de recogida de información en un campo de investigación como el de la sostenibilidad de los biocombustibles, marcado por una carencia de datos primarios y ausencia de consenso y homogeneidad científica en el trato del tema.
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BENOÎT, Catherine; NORRIS, Gregory A.; VALDIVIA, Sonia; CIROTH, Andreas; MOBERG, Asa; BOS, Ulrike; PRAKASH, Siddharth; UGAyA, Cassia y BECK, Tabea (2010): «The guidelines for social life cycle assessment of products: just in time!», International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 15, pp. 156-163.
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BUDIMIR, Danijela; POLASEK, Ozren; MARUSIC, Ana; KOLCIC, Ivana; ZEMUNIK, Tatijana; BORASKA, Vesna; JERONCIC, Ana; BOBAN, Mladen; CAMPBELL, Harry y RUDAN, Igor (2011): «Ethical aspects of human biobanks: a systematic review», Croatian Medical Journal, 52, pp. 262-279.
BURDGE, Rabel (2002): «Why is social impact assessment the orphan of the assessment process?», Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 20 (1), pp. 3-9.
CASULA VIFELL, A. y SONERyD, L. (2012): «Organizing matters: how the “social dimension” gets lost in sustainability projects», Sustainable Development, 20 (1), pp. 18-27.
GERMAN, Laura; SCHONEVELD, George C. y PACHECO, Pablo (2011): «The social and environmental impacts of biofuel feedstock cultivation: evidence from multi-site research in forest frontier», Ecology and Society, 16 (3), p. 24.
GLÄNZEL, Wolfgang y SCHUBERT, András (2003): «A new classification scheme of science fields and subfields designed for scientometric evaluation purposes», Scientometrics, 56 (3), pp. 357-367.
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INTERORGANIZATIONAL COMMITTEE, on Guidelines and Principles for Social Impact Assessment (1995): «Guidelines and Principles for Social Impact Assessment», Environment Impact Assessment Review, 15, pp. 11-43.
KAISER, Matthias y FORSBERG, Ellen-Marie (2001): «Assessing fisheries Using an ethical matrix in a participatory process», Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 14, pp. 191-200.
LAM, Mimi E. y PITCHER, Tony J. (2012): «The ethical dimensions of fisheries», Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 4, pp. 364-373.
LEHTONEN, M. (2011): «Social sustainability of the Brazilian bioethanol: Power relations in a centre-periphery perspective», Biomass & Bioenergy, 35 (6), pp. 2425-2434.
LENK, Fabian; BRöRING, Stefanie; HERZOG, Philipp y LEKER, Jens (2007): «On the usage of agricultural raw materials energy or food? An assessment from an economics perspective», Biotechnology Journal, 2, pp. 1497-1504.
LUNDH, Andreas; KNIJNENBURG, Sebastiaan L.; JORGENSEN, Anders W.; VAN DALEN, Elvira C. y KREMER, Leontien C. M. (2009): «Quality of systematic reviews in pediatric oncology A systematic review», Cancer Treatment Reviews, 35, pp. 645-652.
MEPHAM, Ben; KAISER, Matthias; THORSTENSEN, Erik; TOMKINS, Sandy y MILLAR, Kate (2006): «Ethical Matrix Manual», en LEI, The Hague.
MOHER, David; LIBERATI, Alessandro; TETZLAFF, Jennifer; ALTMAN, Douglas G. y THE PRISMA GROUP (2009): «Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement», PLoS Medicine, 6 (7), pp. 1-6.
NIEUWLAAR, Evert (2004): «Life Cycle Assessment and Energy Systems», en CLEVELAND, Cutler J. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Energy, Elsevier, pp. 647-654.
PARDO, Mercedes (1994): «El impacto social en las evaluaciones de impacto medioambiental. Su conceptualización y práctica», Revista Internacional de Sociología, 66, pp. 141-167.
RIBEIRO, Bárbara E. (2012): «From first to second generation biofuels: putting social aspects on the scale», en AGUSTONI, A. y MARETTI, M. (eds.): Energy Issues and Social Sciences. Theories and Applications, Milan, McGraw-Hill, pp. 79-94.
RIBEIRO, Bárbara E. (2013): «Beyond commonplace biofuels: social aspects of ethanol», Energy Policy (en prensa).
SCHROEDER, Doris y PALMER, Clare (2003): «Technology assessment and the “ethical matrix”», Poiesis Prax, 1 (4), pp. 295-307.
SHEEHAN, J. J. (2009): «Biofuels and the conundrum of sustainability», Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 20 (3), pp. 318-324.
URIARTE, M.; yACKULIC, C. B.; COOPER, T.; FLyNN, D.; CORTES, M.; CRK, T.; CULLMAN, G.; MCGINTy, M. y SIRCELy, J. (2009): «Expansion of sugarcane production in Sao Paulo, Brazil: Implications for fire occurrence and respiratory health», Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 132 (1-2), pp. 48-56.
VAN SCHOOTEN, Marlies; VANCLAy, Frank y SLOOTWEG, Roel (2003): «Conceptualizing social change processes and social impacts», en BECKER, Henk A. y VANCLAy, Frank (eds.): The international handbook of social impact assessment: conceptual and methodological advances, Cheltenham, Reino Unido, Edward Elgar, pp. 74-91.
VANCLAy, Frank (2002): «Conceptualising social impacts», Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 22, pp. 183-211.
VANCLAy, Frank (2003): «Conceptual and methodological advances in social impact assessment», en BECKER, Henk A. y VANCLAy, Frank (eds.), The International Handbook of Social Impact Assessment. Conceptual and Methodological Advances, Cheltenham, Reino Unido: Edward Elgar, pp. 1-9.
VANCLAy, Frank (2006): «Principles for social impact assessment: A critical comparison between the international and US documents», Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 26, pp. 3-14.
VON BLOTTNITZ, Harro y CURRAN, Mary Ann (2007): «A review of assessments conducted on bio-ethanol as a transportation fuel from a net energy, greenhouse gas, and environmental life cycle perspective», Journal of Cleaner Production, 15, pp. 607-619.
BENOÎT, Catherine; NORRIS, Gregory A.; VALDIVIA, Sonia; CIROTH, Andreas; MOBERG, Asa; BOS, Ulrike; PRAKASH, Siddharth; UGAyA, Cassia y BECK, Tabea (2010): «The guidelines for social life cycle assessment of products: just in time!», International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 15, pp. 156-163.
BOND, Alan; MORRISON-SAUNDERS, Angus y POPE, Jenny (2012): «Sustainability assessment: the state of the art», Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 30 (1), pp. 53-62.
BOND, Alan y POPE, Jenny (2012): «Editorial: The state of the art of impact assessment in 2012», Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 30 (1), pp. 1-4.
BUDIMIR, Danijela; POLASEK, Ozren; MARUSIC, Ana; KOLCIC, Ivana; ZEMUNIK, Tatijana; BORASKA, Vesna; JERONCIC, Ana; BOBAN, Mladen; CAMPBELL, Harry y RUDAN, Igor (2011): «Ethical aspects of human biobanks: a systematic review», Croatian Medical Journal, 52, pp. 262-279.
BURDGE, Rabel (2002): «Why is social impact assessment the orphan of the assessment process?», Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, 20 (1), pp. 3-9.
CASULA VIFELL, A. y SONERyD, L. (2012): «Organizing matters: how the “social dimension” gets lost in sustainability projects», Sustainable Development, 20 (1), pp. 18-27.
GERMAN, Laura; SCHONEVELD, George C. y PACHECO, Pablo (2011): «The social and environmental impacts of biofuel feedstock cultivation: evidence from multi-site research in forest frontier», Ecology and Society, 16 (3), p. 24.
GLÄNZEL, Wolfgang y SCHUBERT, András (2003): «A new classification scheme of science fields and subfields designed for scientometric evaluation purposes», Scientometrics, 56 (3), pp. 357-367.
GLINIANAIA, Svetlana V.; RANKIN, Judith; BELL, Ruth; PLESS-MULLOLI, Tanja y HOWEL, Denise (2004): «Does particulate air pollution contribute to infant death? A systematic review», Environmental Health Perspectives, 112 (14), pp. 1365-1370.
HIGGINS, J. P. T. y GREEN, S. (2011): «Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions», en The Cochrane Collaboration.
INTERORGANIZATIONAL COMMITTEE, on Guidelines and Principles for Social Impact Assessment (1995): «Guidelines and Principles for Social Impact Assessment», Environment Impact Assessment Review, 15, pp. 11-43.
KAISER, Matthias y FORSBERG, Ellen-Marie (2001): «Assessing fisheries Using an ethical matrix in a participatory process», Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 14, pp. 191-200.
LAM, Mimi E. y PITCHER, Tony J. (2012): «The ethical dimensions of fisheries», Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 4, pp. 364-373.
LEHTONEN, M. (2011): «Social sustainability of the Brazilian bioethanol: Power relations in a centre-periphery perspective», Biomass & Bioenergy, 35 (6), pp. 2425-2434.
LENK, Fabian; BRöRING, Stefanie; HERZOG, Philipp y LEKER, Jens (2007): «On the usage of agricultural raw materials energy or food? An assessment from an economics perspective», Biotechnology Journal, 2, pp. 1497-1504.
LUNDH, Andreas; KNIJNENBURG, Sebastiaan L.; JORGENSEN, Anders W.; VAN DALEN, Elvira C. y KREMER, Leontien C. M. (2009): «Quality of systematic reviews in pediatric oncology A systematic review», Cancer Treatment Reviews, 35, pp. 645-652.
MEPHAM, Ben; KAISER, Matthias; THORSTENSEN, Erik; TOMKINS, Sandy y MILLAR, Kate (2006): «Ethical Matrix Manual», en LEI, The Hague.
MOHER, David; LIBERATI, Alessandro; TETZLAFF, Jennifer; ALTMAN, Douglas G. y THE PRISMA GROUP (2009): «Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement», PLoS Medicine, 6 (7), pp. 1-6.
NIEUWLAAR, Evert (2004): «Life Cycle Assessment and Energy Systems», en CLEVELAND, Cutler J. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Energy, Elsevier, pp. 647-654.
PARDO, Mercedes (1994): «El impacto social en las evaluaciones de impacto medioambiental. Su conceptualización y práctica», Revista Internacional de Sociología, 66, pp. 141-167.
RIBEIRO, Bárbara E. (2012): «From first to second generation biofuels: putting social aspects on the scale», en AGUSTONI, A. y MARETTI, M. (eds.): Energy Issues and Social Sciences. Theories and Applications, Milan, McGraw-Hill, pp. 79-94.
RIBEIRO, Bárbara E. (2013): «Beyond commonplace biofuels: social aspects of ethanol», Energy Policy (en prensa).
SCHROEDER, Doris y PALMER, Clare (2003): «Technology assessment and the “ethical matrix”», Poiesis Prax, 1 (4), pp. 295-307.
SHEEHAN, J. J. (2009): «Biofuels and the conundrum of sustainability», Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 20 (3), pp. 318-324.
URIARTE, M.; yACKULIC, C. B.; COOPER, T.; FLyNN, D.; CORTES, M.; CRK, T.; CULLMAN, G.; MCGINTy, M. y SIRCELy, J. (2009): «Expansion of sugarcane production in Sao Paulo, Brazil: Implications for fire occurrence and respiratory health», Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 132 (1-2), pp. 48-56.
VAN SCHOOTEN, Marlies; VANCLAy, Frank y SLOOTWEG, Roel (2003): «Conceptualizing social change processes and social impacts», en BECKER, Henk A. y VANCLAy, Frank (eds.): The international handbook of social impact assessment: conceptual and methodological advances, Cheltenham, Reino Unido, Edward Elgar, pp. 74-91.
VANCLAy, Frank (2002): «Conceptualising social impacts», Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 22, pp. 183-211.
VANCLAy, Frank (2003): «Conceptual and methodological advances in social impact assessment», en BECKER, Henk A. y VANCLAy, Frank (eds.), The International Handbook of Social Impact Assessment. Conceptual and Methodological Advances, Cheltenham, Reino Unido: Edward Elgar, pp. 1-9.
VANCLAy, Frank (2006): «Principles for social impact assessment: A critical comparison between the international and US documents», Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 26, pp. 3-14.
VON BLOTTNITZ, Harro y CURRAN, Mary Ann (2007): «A review of assessments conducted on bio-ethanol as a transportation fuel from a net energy, greenhouse gas, and environmental life cycle perspective», Journal of Cleaner Production, 15, pp. 607-619.
Esteves Ribeiro, B. (2015). El desarrollo de una matriz social para la evaluación de impacto de los biocombustibles. ArtefaCToS. Revista De Estudios Sobre La Ciencia Y La tecnología, 5(1), 3–31. Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.usal.es/cinco/index.php/artefactos/article/view/12420
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