Characterization of Renal Damage Associated with Oncologic Immunotherapy

  • Alicia Abril
    Unidad de Toxicología. Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología. Universidad de Salamanca
  • Javier Tascón
    Unidad de Toxicología. Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología. Universidad de Salamanca
  • Laura Vicente-Vicente
    Unidad de Toxicología. Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología. Universidad de Salamanca
  • Alfredo G. Casanova
    Unidad de Toxicología. Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología. Universidad de Salamanca
  • Marta Prieto
    Unidad de Toxicología. Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología. Universidad de Salamanca.
  • Ana I. Morales
    Unidad de Toxicología. Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología. Universidad de Salamanca.

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (IPCIs) are a remarkable pharmacological group on cancer immunotherapy. IPCIs are administered in monotherapy or in combination therapy with chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin, showing excellent clinical results. However, they are not exempt from adverse reactions such as IPCI-induced renal injury, which has been minimally studied and worsens the patient’s prognosis. The aim of the study was the functional characterization of renal damage associated with IPCIs (anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1), and their combination with cisplatin, by means of a battery of renal injury biomarkers. In the study, male C57BL/6 mice were divided into experimental groups. Each group received correspondingly; anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, cisplatin, or the combined therapy of cisplatin+anti-CTLA-4+anti-PD-1. Biomarker analysis was performed using colorimetric and immunoassay techniques. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using IBM SPSS® Statistics software. Plasma biomarkers (creatinine and urea) did not show renal injury in any treatment group, whereas urinary biomarkers (NGAL, KIM-1 and albumin) increased in the combined therapy groups showing subclinical renal damage. Therefore, urinary biomarkers could be advantageous in the early diagnosis of renal damage associated with IPCIs in oncology patients.
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Abril, A., Tascón, J., Vicente-Vicente, L., Casanova, A. G., Prieto, M., & Morales, A. I. (2023). Characterization of Renal Damage Associated with Oncologic Immunotherapy. FarmaJournal, 8(1), 7–19. https://doi.org/10.14201/fj202381719

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