El concepto de los «valores tradicionales» en la política rusa: una revisión bibliográfica
Resumen
Desde su irrupción en el discurso oficial tras las protestas de 2011-2012, el concepto de los «valores tradicionales» se ha convertido en el eje vertebrador del régimen político ruso. Este artículo presenta una revisión crítica de la literatura académica reciente sobre este fenómeno. Frente a la dicotomía habitual entre interpretaciones instrumentales e ideológicas, este estudio propone una tesis de síntesis: los valores tradicionales han evolucionado de ser una herramienta táctica de gestión de crisis a consolidarse como un dispositivo de «securitización moral». El análisis se estructura en dos ejes: la legitimación interna, donde se demuestra la fusión híbrida entre la herencia soviética y la codificación jurídica autoritaria, y la proyección exterior, donde Rusia moviliza redes transnacionales religiosas y políticas para afirmarse como un «Estado-Civilización». Se concluye que el conservadurismo ruso no es un mero adorno retórico, sino la estructura ontológica sobre la que se asienta la soberanía del Estado contemporáneo.
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