Cuestiones éticas en el uso de tecnologías en contextos educativos
Una revisión panorámica
Resumen El creciente uso de la tecnología en escenarios educativos no siempre ha tenido en cuenta las implicaciones éticas que puede conllevar su utilización. A pesar de su impacto, la práctica educativa ha mostrado un interés limitado por preocuparse por la ética, junto con el hecho de que la investigación solo ha despertado una ligera atención para explorar estas cuestiones. Esta revisión panorámica pretende ofrecer una visión general de las evidencias disponibles en la investigación y la práctica educativas en relación con las cuestiones éticas de la tecnología educativa, así como las lagunas de conocimiento sobre el tema. Se incluyó en la revisión una muestra de 99 estudios y se codificaron según las características básicas del estudio, el alcance y los métodos de investigación, las estrategias y las recomendaciones. Los datos recopilados muestran un importante crecimiento de la investigación en dos periodos de tiempo concretos: 2006-2010, con la aparición de los medios sociales, y en 2015-2020, que incluye el tiempo de emergencia educativa pandémica. Los resultados también muestran dos temas de investigación destacados: privacidad/confidencialidad de los datos y honestidad académica y propiedad intelectual. Muchos de los temas estaban presentes desde los primeros años del campo de la Tecnología Educativa, mientras que otros aparecieron recientemente en el siglo XXI. Una importante presencia de estudios teóricos muestra que la discusión filosófica sigue siendo predominante, y se observan tímidos movimientos en relación con la práctica educativa. Las conclusiones reflexionan sobre la necesidad de trabajar en nuevas recomendaciones hacia prácticas que consideren activamente estas cuestiones éticas en tecnología educativa.
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