Conservación de la biota acuática de la Amazonia

Resumen

En las aguas amazónicas existen cerca de tres mil especies conocidas de peces, así como algunas otras especies acuáticas que incluyen algunos mamíferos, como el manatí. Es posible que muchas especies aún no hayan sido descritas por la ciencia. Los peces de esta región se enfrentan a condiciones naturales extremas en sus ambientes como bajos niveles de oxígeno, aguas ácidas y pobres en iones, altas temperaturas, sequías intensas e inundaciones. Los cambios climáticos globales están intensificando estas condiciones ambientales. Además, los cambios ambientales causados por el hombre, que trae consigo contaminantes orgánicos e inorgânicos, se están produciendo en muchas partes de la región. Estas condiciones ambientales representan desafíos para todas las especies de peces que exhiben ajustes en todos los niveles de la organización biológica. Conocer la capacidad adaptativa de estos animales permite diseñar estrategias de conservación de la biota acuática, así como proponer intervenciones ambientales más adecuadas. Por último, es fundamental considerar la importancia de la biota acuática para la plena implantación de los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible en la Amazonia.
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Biografía del autor/a

Adalberto Luis Val

,
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia
Investigador del Instituto Nacional de Investigación de la Amazonia (MCTI/INPA, Brasil).
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