Healthier? More Efficient? Fairer? An Overview of the Main Ethical Issues Raised by the Use of Ubicomp in the Workplace
Abstract The development of Ambient Intelligence (AmI) will radically transform our everyday life and social representations. These transformations will notably impact the working environment. The objective of this paper is to offer a first survey of the main ethical issues raised by the development of intelligent working environments (IWEs). It especially focuses on the capacity of such environments to collect and handle personal medical data. The first two sections of this paper aim to clarify the methodology (2) as well as the object (3) of the research. We then point out some of the main ethical issues raised by IWEs and their capacity to collect and handle medical data. The final section attempts to offer some elements of reflection regarding the ethical principles that should guide the development of IWEs in the future.
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SCHUURMANN, Jan Gerrit, Moelaert, F., Krom, A., Walhout, B., Ambient Intelligence. Viable Future or Dangerous Illusion?, Rathenau Instituut, The Hague, 2009.
SOUSA, João Pedro. Foundations of Team Computing. Enabling End Users to Assemble Software for Ubiquitous Computing, in: Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems. 10 Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Computer Society, Washington DC, 2010, pp. 9-16.
SPIEKERMANN, Sarah, Langheinrich, M. An Update on Privacy in Ubiquitous Computing, Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 13, 2009, pp. 389-390.
STEFANI Oliver, Mager R., Bekiaris E.s, Gemou M., Bullinger A. Merging of Next Generation VR and Ambient Intelligence – From Retrospective to Prospective User Interfaces, in: C. Stephanidis (Ed.), Universal Access in HCI, Part II, Springer, Berlin et al., 2007, pp. 709-714.
SWIFT, Adam, Locating ‘Agency’ Within Ubiquitous computing Systems, International Review of Information Ethics 8 (12) (2007), pp. 36-41.
TAVANI, Herman. Ethical Aspects of Emerging and Converging Technologies, in: Ethics and Technology. Controversies, Questions, and Strategies for Ethical Computing, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken (NJ), 2011, pp. 261-392.
van den BROEK Egon L., Schut, M. H., Tuinenbreijer, K. Joyce H.D.M. Westerink, J. H. D. M. Communication and Persuasion Technology: Psychophysiology of Emotions and User-Profiling, in: Persuasive Technology, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3962, Springer, Berlin et al., 2006, pp. 154-157.
WEISER, Mark, Gold, R., Seely Brown, J. The Origins of Ubiquitous Computing Research at PARC in the Late 1980s, IBM System Journal 38(4) (1999), pp. 693-696.
WIEGERLING, Klaus. The Two Basic Questions of Ethics and the Loss of the Interface in Ambient Intelligence, in: W. Hesse, A. Oberweis (Eds.), SIGSAND-EUROPE 2008, Proceedings of the Third AIS SIGSAND European Symposium on Analysis, Design, Use and Societal Impact of Information Systems, June 12 - 13, 2008, Marburg, pp. 1-20.
ANISETTI, Marco, Bellandi, V., Damiani, E., Beverina, F., Ciceri, M.R., Balzarotti, S. Psychology-Aware Video-Enabled Workplace, in: Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing: Third International Conference, UIC 2006, Wuhan, China, September 3-6, Springer, Berlin et al., pp. 135-146.
BOHN, John, Coroam?, V., Langheinrich, M., Mattern, F., Rohs, M. Living in a World of Smart Everyday Objects – Social, Economic, and Ethical Implications, Journal of Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 10(5) (2004), pp. 763-786.
BOOS, Daniel, Guenter, H., Grote, G., Kinder, K. Controllable accountabilities: the Internet of Things and its challenges for organisations Behaviour & Information Technology, 2012, pp. 1-19.
BÜHLER, Christian. Ambient Intelligence in Working Environments, C. Stephanidis, (Ed.), Universal Access in HCI. Intelligent and Ubiquitous Interaction Environments, Part II, 5th International Conference, UAHCI 2009, Springer, Berlin et al., 2009, pp. 143-149.
CORCHADO, Juan M., Bajo, J., de Paz, Y., Tapia, D. I. Intelligent environment for Monitoring Alzheimer Patients, Agent Technology for Health Care. Decision Support Systems 44 (2008), pp. 382-396.
FOUCAULT, Michel, Surveiller et punir. Naissance de la prison, Gallimard, Paris, 1975.
FLORIDI, Luciano. Ethics after the Information Revolution, in: L. FLORIDI (Ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of Information and Communication Ethics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge et al., 2010, pp. 3-19.
HABERMAS, Jürgen, Theorie des Kommunikativen Handelns, Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main, 1981.
HABERMAS, Jürgen. Erläuterungen zur Diskursethik, Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main, 1991
HEESEN, Jessica, Siemoneit, O. Opportunities for Privacy and Trust in the Development of Ubiquitous Computing, International Review of Information Ethics 8 (12) (2007), pp. 47-52.
HILDEBREANDT, Mireille, Ambient Intelligence, Criminal Liability and Democracy, Crim Law and Philos 2 (2008), pp. 163-180.
HILTY, Lorenz M., Behrendt, S., Binswanger, M., Bruinink, A., Erdmann, L., Fröhlich, J., Köhler, A., Kuster, N., Som, C., Würtenberger, F. Das Vorsorgeprinzip in der Informationsgesellschaft. Auswirkungen des Pervasive Computing auf Gesundheit und Umwelt, TA-Swiss 46, Berne, 2003.
HILTY, Lorenz M., Som, C., Köhler, A. Assessing the Human, Social, and Environmental Risks of Pervasive Computing, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment 10 (5) (2004), pp. 853-874.
HOFKIRCHNER, Wolfgang, Tscheligi, M., Bichler R., Reitberger, W. Ambient Persuasion for the Good Society. International Review of Information Ethics 8 (12) (2007), pp. 42-46.
KAPTEIN, Maurits Clemens, Markopoulos, P., de Ruyter, B., Aarts, E. Persuasion in Ambient Intelligence, Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 1(1) (2010), pp. 43-56.
KINDER, Katharina E., Ball, L. J., Busby, J. S. Ubiquitous Computing, Cultural Logics and Paternalism in Industrial Workplaces, Poiesis Prax 5 (2008), pp. 265-290.
LYYTINEN, Kalle, Yoo, Y. Issues and Challenges in Ubiquitous Computing, Communications of the ACM 45(12) (2002), pp. 63-65.
NIHHOLT, Anton. Where Computers Disappear, Virtual Humans Appear, Computers & Grafics 28 (2004), pp. 467-476.
PATTEN, Karen, Passerini, K. From Personal Area Network to Ubiquitous Computing: Preparing from a Paradigm Shift in the Workplace, in: Wireless Telecommunications Symposium, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2005, pp. 225-233.
RAMOS, Carlos, Marreiros, G., Santos, R., Freitas, C. F. Smart Offices and Intelligent Decision Rooms, in: H. Nakashima, H. Aghajan, J. C. Augusto (Eds.), Handbook of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments, Springer Science+Business Media, Berlin, 2010, pp. 851-880.
RAWLS, John. A Theory of Justice. The Belknap Press of the Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.), 1971.
RÖCKER, Carsten. Acceptance of Future Workplace Systems: How the Social Situation Influence the Usage Intention of Ambient Intelligence Technologies in Work Environments, Proceeding of the 9th International Conference on Work with Computer System (WWCS 09), August 9-14, Beijing, China, CD-ROM, 7 pages.
RONZANI Daniel. The Battle of Concepts: Ubiquitous Computing, Pervasive Computing and Ambient Intelligence in Mass Media, UbiCC Journal 4 (2) (2009), pp. 9-19.
SCHUURMANN, Jan Gerrit, Moelaert, F., Krom, A., Walhout, B., Ambient Intelligence. Viable Future or Dangerous Illusion?, Rathenau Instituut, The Hague, 2009.
SOUSA, João Pedro. Foundations of Team Computing. Enabling End Users to Assemble Software for Ubiquitous Computing, in: Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems. 10 Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Computer Society, Washington DC, 2010, pp. 9-16.
SPIEKERMANN, Sarah, Langheinrich, M. An Update on Privacy in Ubiquitous Computing, Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 13, 2009, pp. 389-390.
STEFANI Oliver, Mager R., Bekiaris E.s, Gemou M., Bullinger A. Merging of Next Generation VR and Ambient Intelligence – From Retrospective to Prospective User Interfaces, in: C. Stephanidis (Ed.), Universal Access in HCI, Part II, Springer, Berlin et al., 2007, pp. 709-714.
SWIFT, Adam, Locating ‘Agency’ Within Ubiquitous computing Systems, International Review of Information Ethics 8 (12) (2007), pp. 36-41.
TAVANI, Herman. Ethical Aspects of Emerging and Converging Technologies, in: Ethics and Technology. Controversies, Questions, and Strategies for Ethical Computing, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken (NJ), 2011, pp. 261-392.
van den BROEK Egon L., Schut, M. H., Tuinenbreijer, K. Joyce H.D.M. Westerink, J. H. D. M. Communication and Persuasion Technology: Psychophysiology of Emotions and User-Profiling, in: Persuasive Technology, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 3962, Springer, Berlin et al., 2006, pp. 154-157.
WEISER, Mark, Gold, R., Seely Brown, J. The Origins of Ubiquitous Computing Research at PARC in the Late 1980s, IBM System Journal 38(4) (1999), pp. 693-696.
WIEGERLING, Klaus. The Two Basic Questions of Ethics and the Loss of the Interface in Ambient Intelligence, in: W. Hesse, A. Oberweis (Eds.), SIGSAND-EUROPE 2008, Proceedings of the Third AIS SIGSAND European Symposium on Analysis, Design, Use and Societal Impact of Information Systems, June 12 - 13, 2008, Marburg, pp. 1-20.
Nihan, C. E. (2013). Healthier? More Efficient? Fairer? An Overview of the Main Ethical Issues Raised by the Use of Ubicomp in the Workplace. ADCAIJ: Advances in Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence Journal, 2(1), 29–40. https://doi.org/10.14201/ADCAIJ2013242940
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