Fuerzas externas y agencia individual en el Medievo Nórdico: los vicios humanos y las actitudes honorables como herramientas del destino
Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las formas en las que el destino toma presencia en el Medievo Nórdico. Nos centraremos especialmente en V?lsunga saga y su contexto de producción. Veremos que las dinámicas sociales de Islandia y Noruega durante el siglo XIII condicionan la representación del destino y los efectos que tiene sobre el individuo. La necesidad de la reciprocidad era crucial para el mantenimiento de una sociedad basada en las relaciones personales y en sistemas de amistad. Por ello, la avaricia es uno de los principales elementos transgresores condenados en esta saga. En dicha narrativa, un tesoro maldito atrae la codicia de los personajes y los motivará a transgredir otras normas fundamentales. Esta maldición fija a la vez un destino fatídico que pone en cuestión la libertad que un individuo puede tener en un mundo condicionado. Estos determinantes son impuestos también por otras fuerzas externas que encuentran su comparación con el propio destino. Así, demostraremos que el honor y las exigencias impuestas dentro de una estructura de parentesco son representadas con la misma inexorabilidad que el destino y la misma destructividad que la codicia. Tanto el honor excesivo como la codicia tendrán la capacidad de arrastrar a los individuos a un futuro aciago que engullirá tanto a los cómplices como a los inocentes.
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