Mecanismos implicados en la escritura de palabras del castellano

  • Jesús Alegría Izcoa
    Université libre de Bruxelles alegria[at]ulb.ac.be
  • María Soledad Carrillo Gallego
    Universidad de Murcia

Resumen

El artículo examina los mecanismos cognitivos implicados en la escritura de palabras en lengua castellana. Este tema ha sido ampliamente estudiado en sistemas ortográficos inconsistentes/profundos como el inglés y el francés, pero mucho menos en sistemas consistentes/superficiales como el del castellano. Los datos analizados sugieren que los dos mecanismos de escritura que constituyen la base modelo de la doble ruta: el fonológico y el ortográfico-lexical, intervienen en la escritura de palabras. En comparación con otras ortografías menos consistentes, la adquisición de estos dos mecanismos es más rápida en castellano. Este resultado es conforme a las predicciones del modelo de autoenseñanza. Complementariamente estudiamos otros dos mecanismos implicados en la escritura de palabras: uno ortográfico de carácter subléxico, basado en la frecuencia de regularidades ortográficas, y el otro basado en el conocimiento morfológico. Los datos a este respecto son escasos en castellano. No obstante, los resultados muestran que los aprendices adquieren rápidamente rutinas ortográficas basadas en regularidades ortográficas subléxicas, y que utilizan conocimientos morfológicos para escribir palabras. Esto muestra que ambos factores intervienen en la escritura en todos los sistemas ortográficos alfabéticos, sea cual fuere su grado de consistencia-profundidad. Las diferencias entre sistemas no parecen ser cualitativas sino cuantitativas. Además, todos los mecanismos examinados en castellano se adquieren más rápidamente que en los sistemas menos consistentes.
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Alegría Izcoa, J., & Carrillo Gallego, M. S. (2015). Mecanismos implicados en la escritura de palabras del castellano. Aula, 20, 45–64. https://doi.org/10.14201/12561

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Biografía del autor/a

Jesús Alegría Izcoa

,
Université libre de Bruxelles
Université libre de Bruxelle. Franklin Rooseveltlaan 50, 1050 Brussel (Bélgica)

María Soledad Carrillo Gallego

,
Universidad de Murcia
Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación. Facultad de Psicología. Universidad de Murcia. Campus Espinardo. 30100 Murcia (España)
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