El compromiso escolar (school engagement) de los adolescentes: Medida de sus dimensiones

  • José Manuel Tomás
    Universitat de València tomasjm[at]uv.es
  • Melchor Gutiérrez
    Universidad de Valencia
  • Patricia Sancho
    Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
  • Silvia Chireac
    Universidad de Valencia
  • Isabel Romero
    Universidade Katyavala Bwila, Benguela, Angola

Resumen

Un tópico relevante en la investigación sobre la escuela es el compromiso escolar o school engagement. Este tópico se ha relacionado abundantemente con el burnout, de profesores y alumnos, y ha mostrado significativas relaciones con variables como el rendimiento escolar, satisfacción con la escuela, problemas de disciplina, orientaciones motivacionales de los alumnos y clima motivacional de la clase, relaciones entre alumnos y profesores, y satisfacción con la vida de los escolares, entre otras. El compromiso escolar se define como la participación del estudiante en los logros académicos, y se entiende como un constructo multidimensional. La tipología más repetida ha mostrado tres dimensiones (cognitiva, afectiva y conductual), pero a éstas recientemente se ha añadido una nueva, el compromiso agéntico. Con frecuencia, los profesionales de la educación denuncian la falta de instrumentos para evaluar determinadas características de los alumnos y los aspectos psicosociales y comportamentales en clase. Como respuesta a esto, Veiga (2013) ha sido el primero en presentar un instrumento de autoinforme en portugués (el Student Engagement Scale-ses-4ds) que mide cuatro dimensiones de compromiso, cognitivo, afectivo, conductual y agéntico. El objetivo de este trabajo ha consistido en estudiar la validez y fiabilidad de esta escala en dos versiones, castellano y portugués. Los resultados han mostrado una clara estructura factorial, una vez eliminados dos ítems. La validez de criterio y nomológica han resultado adecuadas. Por tanto, a la vista de los resultados, la presente escala supone un instrumento válido de aplicación para la medición del compromiso escolar de los adolescentes. 
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Tomás, J. M., Gutiérrez, M., Sancho, P., Chireac, S., & Romero, I. (2016). El compromiso escolar (school engagement) de los adolescentes: Medida de sus dimensiones. Enseñanza & Teaching: Revista Interuniversitaria De Didáctica, 34(1), 119–135. https://doi.org/10.14201/et2016341119135

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Biografía del autor/a

José Manuel Tomás

,
Universitat de València
Catedrático de Estadística, facultad de Psicología, Universitat de ValènciaAv. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, Valencia, España (46010)

Melchor Gutiérrez

,
Universidad de Valencia
Universidad de Valencia, Facultad de Psicología, Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación

Patricia Sancho

,
Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia
Departamento de Educación. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y de la Comunicación

Silvia Chireac

,
Universidad de Valencia
Departamento de Didáctica de la Lengua y la Literatura. Facultad de Magisterio

Isabel Romero

,
Universidade Katyavala Bwila, Benguela, Angola
Departamento de Ciências da Educação. Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educação
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