Derechos y calidad de vida en personas con discapacidad intelectual y mayores necesidades de apoyo

  • Patricia Navas Macho
    Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad patricianavas[at]usal.es
  • Miguel Ángel Verdugo Alonso
    Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad
  • Sergio Martínez Torres
  • Fabián Sainz Modinos
    Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad
  • Alba Aza Hernández
    Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad

Resumen

Las personas con discapacidades intelectuales (DI) y del desarrollo que presentan una mayor necesidad de apoyos constituyen un grupo especialmente vulnerable en lo que a defensa y garantía de sus derechos se refiere. A pesar de ello, su situación no ha sido objeto prioritario de estudio ni han existido desarrollos específicos de política social para responder a sus necesidades, lo cual se traduce en una escasez de interés por conocer en profundidad la realidad de estas personas, dificultades para garantizar el cumplimiento de sus derechos y falta de iniciativas orientadas al logro de su plena inclusión. Todo ello hace necesario el emprendimiento de una serie de acciones, traducidas en objetivos del presente trabajo: examinar y sintetizar los datos existentes sobre este colectivo en nuestro país; detectar sus necesidades y el grado de cumplimiento de las mismas; y proponer orientaciones claras y basadas en el conocimiento para asegurar el bienestar y el cumplimento de derechos. Para ello, la metodología empleada ha consistido en: (a) la revisión de la literatura científica más relevante de los últimos diez años sobre DI y grandes necesidades de apoyo; y (b) la explotación de distintas bases de datos como la Encuesta de Discapacidad, Autonomía personal y situaciones de Dependencia, EDAD (INE, 2008) y del Sistema de Información del Sistema para la Autonomía y Atención a la Dependencia (SISAAD), entre otras. A partir de los datos analizados y observando las situaciones frecuentes de exclusión a las que se enfrenta este colectivo, se extraen líneas urgentes de actuación para mejorar el conocimiento sobre las condiciones de vida de las personas con DI más significativa que permitan el desarrollo de buenas prácticas en la provisión de apoyos a este colectivo.
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Navas Macho, P., Verdugo Alonso, M. Ángel, Martínez Torres, S., Sainz Modinos, F., & Aza Hernández, A. (2018). Derechos y calidad de vida en personas con discapacidad intelectual y mayores necesidades de apoyo. Siglo Cero, 48(4), 7–66. https://doi.org/10.14201/scero2017484766

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Biografía del autor/a

Patricia Navas Macho

,
Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad
Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad. Universidad de Salamanca, España.

Miguel Ángel Verdugo Alonso

,
Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad
Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad. Universidad de Salamanca, España.

Sergio Martínez Torres

,
Sociólogo. Consultor externo

Fabián Sainz Modinos

,
Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad
Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad. Universidad de Salamanca, España.

Alba Aza Hernández

,
Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad
Instituto Universitario de Integración en la Comunidad. Universidad de Salamanca, España.
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