Of Majors and Minors: Reflections on Kuwaiti Literature in English
Abstract Discussions of the dichotomy between «minor» and «major» literatures date back to the endeavors of T. S. Eliot, in his capacity as a New Critic, to theorize on the «value» of the literary text. Later discussions of minor versus major literatures, notably by Deleuze and Guattari (1975), have been more concerned with questions of linguistic choice, (de-)territoriality, individuality versus collectivity, and politics in the broad sense of the term. Reflecting on what is labelled as «Kuwaiti literature in English» rendered a number of challenges related to nationality, authorship and origin, to categorize Kuwaiti literature in English as minor literature. By so doing, discussions of the input of Kuwaiti literati in English such as Nada Faris and Mai AlNakib table issues like reception, literary merit, tradition, and canonicity.
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AlNakib, Mai. 2017. «Mai Al-Nakib: The professor and author reflects on coming of age in the diversity of 1980s Kuwait». Interview with Marziah Rashid. Brownbook. 1 May: 62-69.
AlNakib, Mai. 2014. «Wal?duh? al-adab? al-awwal turi?a f? al-s??a al-adabiyah». Interview with Amnah Bahzad. Al-Itihad. 1 November: 36-39.
AlShammari, Shahd. 2017. Forget the Words. 2nd ed. Kuwait: Kalemat.
Bensmaïa, Réda. 2017. Gilles Deleuze, Postcolonial Theory, and the Philosophy of Limit. New York, NY: Bloomsbury Academic.
Bleyen, Mieke. 2013. Minor Aesthetics: The Photographic Work of Marcel Mariën. Leuven, Belgium: Leuven University Press.
Brooks, Cleanth and Robert Penn Warren. 1938. Understanding Poetry: an Anthology for College Students. New York: H. Holt and Company.
Bunt, Gary R. 2009. iMuslims: Rewiring the House of Islam. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press.
Deleuze, Gilles and Félix Guattari. 1986 [1975]. Kafka: Towards a Minor Literature. Trans. Dana Polan. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Eliot, T. S. 1946. «What Is Minor Poetry?». The Sewanee Review 54, no. 1 (Jan. - Mar.): 1-18.
Even-Zohar, Itamar. 1990. «Polysystem Theory». Poetics Today, 11, no. 1: 9-26.
Faris, Nada. 2014a. Artemis and other Spoken Word Poems. USA: Createspace.
Faris, Nada. 2014b. The Elephant in the Room: Stories and Articles from Anglophone Kuwait. USA: Createspace.
Garnier, Xavier. 2013. The Swahili Novel: Challenging the Idea of ‘Minor Literature’. Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: James Currey.
Gilliland, Gail. 1990. «A Poetics of Being Minor». PhD Diss. The University of Michigan.
Gilliland, Gail. 1994. Being a Minor Writer. Iowa City: The University of Iowa Press.
Gluzman, Michael. 2003. The Politics of Canonicity: Lines of Resistance in Modernist Hebrew Poetry. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
Hexter, Ralph J. 2012. «Canonicity». In The Oxford Handbook of Medieval Latin Literature, edited by Ralph J. Hexter & David Townsend, 25-46. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
Holland, Eugene W. 2013. Deleuze and Guattari’s ‘A Thousand Plateaus’: A Reader’s Guide. London and New York: Bloomsbury Academic.
Jayyusi, Salma Khadra. 2014. «Preface». In The Literature of Modern Arabia: An Anthology, edited by Salma Khadra Jayyusi. Oxford and New York: Routledge. 5-12.
Kohn, Margaret. 2004. Brave New Neighborhoods: The Privatization of Public Space. New York and London: Routledge.
Latham, Sean and Gayle Rogers. 2015. Modernism: Evolution of an Idea. London and New York: Bloomsbury Academic.
Leavis, F. R. 2015. New Bearings in English Poetry. London: Faber & Faber Ltd.
MacCarthy, Anne. 2004. Identities in Irish Literature. Weston, FL: Netbiblo.
McLaughlin, Kevin. 2005. Paperwork: Fiction and Mass Mediacy in the Paper Age. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Nakkouch, Touria. 2017. «From Francophone to World: Redefining Moroccan World Literature at the Intersection of Language, Migration and a Comparative Consciousness». Revista Brasileira de Literatura Comparada 30 (2017): 164-178.
Oppenheimer, Yochai. 2017. «Mizrahi Fiction as Minor Literature». In Contemporary Sephardic and Mizrahi Literature: A Diaspora, edited by Dario Miccoli, 98-114. London & New York: Routledge.
Poet Paul Laurence Dunbar. n.d. Academy of American Poets. Accessed May 3, 2017. https://www.poets.org/poetsorg/poet/paul-laurence-dunbar.
Renza, Louis A. 1984. «A White Heron» and the Question of Minor Literature. Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press.
Richards, I. A. 2001. Practical Criticism: A Study of Literary Judgement. Ed. John Constable. New York: Routledge.
Richards, I. A. 2003. Principles of Literary Criticism. London: Routledge.
Rushdie, Salman. 1991. Imaginary Homelands: Essays and Criticism, 1981-1991. Granta Books.
Vandenberghe, Frédéric. 2014. What’s Critical About Critical Realism? Essays in Reconstructive Social Theory. London and New York: Routledge.
Williams, Kirsty. 2003. «Structures of Belonging: The Poetry of Seamus Heaney». PhD Diss., The University of Glasgow.
Mahmoud, A. (2018). Of Majors and Minors: Reflections on Kuwaiti Literature in English. 1616: Anuario De Literatura Comparada, 8, 107–120. Retrieved from https://revistas.usal.es/dos/index.php/1616_Anuario_Literatura_Comp/article/view/20726
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