Lichens and Galls. Two families of chimeras in the space of form
Abstract Galls are produced by the interaction between a plant and a different kind of organism, commonly an insect. Many galls, especially those involving an insect, have a very specific and often complex shape, comparable to the specific and often complex shape of organisms capable of reproduction. Galls, however, do not reproduce –each individual gall takes origin from a new interaction betweenthe plant and the external agent. To some extent, the same applies to lichens: the specific and sometimes complex structure of their thallus may have transgenerationalcontinuity through fragmentation or another kind of vegetative reproduction, but gets completely disrupted by sexual reproduction, following which a new lichen is reconstructed by a newly established symbiosis between a fungus and an algal partner. How far is their form constrained by the structure of the two partners? How can natural selection act on their form?
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Brien, P., “Les demosponges. Morphologie et reproduction”, in Grassé, P. P. (ed.), Traité de Zoologie, Paris, Masson, vol. 3, -1973, pp. 133-461.
Büdel, B./Scheidegger, C., “Thallus Morphology and Anatomy”, in: Nash, T. H. III (ed.), Lichen Biology, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1996, pp. 37-64.
Buller, W. L., “Notes on the Tuatara Lizard (Sphenodon punctatum), with a Description of a Supposed New Species”, Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, 9 (for 1876) (1877), pp. 317-325.
Minelli, A. (2017). Lichens and Galls. Two families of chimeras in the space of form. Azafea: Revista De Filosofía, 19(1), 91–105. https://doi.org/10.14201/17411
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