Comparative morphological analysis between the primary pictogram «止» («foot») in oracular bones scripts and the constellation Ursa Major: a new hypothesis for the legend of Cangjie

Abstract

The Chinese writing system is one of the oldest known in history, and the only of the primary writing systems to still be alive. Throughout its evolution, despite the many changes it has gone through, the Chinese writing has preserved some traces of iconicity from its primary pictograms, which have been usually associated to the morphology of the object they represented. This article, however, presents a new interpretation on the phylogenesis of the ancient Chinese pictogram «岺» («Foot»), found on oracle bones scripts dated back to 1400 BC. 18 glyphs that translate into the word «Foot» were collected from the Xiaoxuetang database, and compared to the shape of the Ursa Major constellation, as seen from Anyang, China, in 1600 BC, simulated by the Stellarium Astronomy Software. The morphology analysis method was based on the Shape Context Algorithm, and has demonstrated that the primary pictogram «岺» has a Maximal Matching of 93% and Minimum Matching of 75% in comparison to the Ursa Major star map. The method was also used on derived pictograms (such as «鋸» («Year»), «저» («Calendar») and «珂» («Season»)), to demonstrate that their shapes are also related to sky observation. The results discussed in this research provide visual evidence for the hypothesis that ancient Chinese characters were based on their astronomical knowledge and cosmological philosophy, as it is described in the ancient dictionary «Shuowen Jiezi» («綱匡썩俚»).
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Yu, T., Li, Q., Pacheco, R., Xing, X., & Mazzuchetti, V. (2022). Comparative morphological analysis between the primary pictogram «止» («foot») in oracular bones scripts and the constellation Ursa Major: a new hypothesis for the legend of Cangjie. Revista Euroamericana De Antropología, (13), 125–141. https://doi.org/10.14201/rea202213125141

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