Hope and Inevitability in 13 Reasons Why. A Comparative Discourse Analysis of the Series’ First Season and it’s Neyond the Reasons Documentary Counterpart
Abstract The release of 13 Reasons Why in March 2017 attracted not only audiences worldwide, but also a considerable amount of academic attention. A good share of the academic production on the series, though, have focused mostly on its effects. For this reason, and in an attempt to approach the debate from complementary angles, this paper aims at examining the motivations expressed by those involved in the creative process of the show and compared them with the actual discourse in the series’ first season. In order to do that, the methodology triangulates between quantitative and qualitative techniques to approach the research problem from equally complementary angles. The results of these analyses confirm that the creators’ motivation go beyond the mere entertainment, but also inconsistencies between the discourses in Beyond the Reasons and 13 Reasons Why’s first season.
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American Association of Suicidology (2017). American Association of Suicidology Responds to "13 Reasons Why, American Association of Suicidology, Washington, DC.
Arendt, F.; Scherr, S.; Pasek, J.; Jamieson, P. E.; Romer, D. (2019). Investigating harmful and helpful effects of watching season 2 of 13 Reasons Why: Results of a two-wave U.S. panel survey, Social Science & Medicine, 232, pp. 489–498.
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Gould, M., Jamieson, P.E., Romer, D. (2003). Media contagion and suicide among the young, Ameri-can Behavioral Scientist, 46(9), pp. 1269-1284.
Hittner, J. B. (2005). How robust is the Werther effect? A re-examination of the suggestion-imitation model of suicide, Mortality, 10(3), pp. 193–200.
Keen, S. (2006). A theory of narrative empathy, Narrative, 14 (3).
Jones, R. H. (2012). Discourse analysis. A Resource Book for Students. London: Routledge.
Lewis-Beck, M. S.; Bryman, A. E.; Futing Liao, T. (2004). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Social Science Research Methods. London: Sage.
Mar, R. A., & Oatley, K. (2008). The Function of Fiction is the Abstraction and Simulation of Social Experience, Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(3), pp. 173–192. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00073.x
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Niederkrotenthaler, T. & Stack, S. (2017). Media and Suicide. International Perspectives on Research, Theory, and Policy. New York, NY: Transaction Publishers.
Niederkrotenthaler, T., Voracek, M., Herberth, A., Till, B., Strauss, M., Etzersdorfer, E.,
et al. (2010). The role of media reports in completed and prevented suicide: Werther
versus Papageno effects. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 197, pp. 234–243.
Sisask, M.; Värnik, A. (2012). Media Roles in Suicide Prevention: A Systematic Review, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 9, pp. 123-138.
Stack, S. (2005). Suicide in the media: a quantitative review of studies based on nonfictional stories. Suicide Life-Threatening Behavior, 35, pp. 121–133.
Sugg, M. M.; Michael K. D., Stevens, S. E.; Filbind, R.; Weiser, J.; Runkle, J.D. (2019). Crisis text patterns in youth following the release of 13 Reasons Why Season 2 and celebrity suicides: A case study of summer 2018, Preventive Medicine Reports, 16.
Thompson, L.K.; Michael, K.D.; Runkle, J.R.; Sugg, M.M. (2019). Crisis Text Line use following the release of Netflix series 13 Reasons Why Season 1: time series analysis of help-seeking behavior in youth. Preventive Medicine Reports, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100825
Wartella, E.; Lauricella, A.; Cingel, D. P. (2018). How teens, parents responded to Netflix series “13 Reasons Why”, Center for Media and Human Development, Northwestern University. Available at: https://13reasonsresearch.soc.northwestern.edu/netflix_global-report_-final-print.pdf
Arendt, F.; Scherr, S.; Pasek, J.; Jamieson, P. E.; Romer, D. (2019). Investigating harmful and helpful effects of watching season 2 of 13 Reasons Why: Results of a two-wave U.S. panel survey, Social Science & Medicine, 232, pp. 489–498.
Ayers, J.W.; Althouse, B.M.; Leas, E.C.; Dredze, M.; Allem, J.-P. (2017). Internet searches for suicide following the release of 13 reasons why, JAMA Internal Medicine, 177, pp. 1527–1529.
Cooper Jr., M.T.; Bard, D.; Wallace, R.; Gillaspy, S.; Deleon, S. (2018). Suicide attempt admissions from a single children's hospital before and after the introduction of Netflix series 13 Reasons Why, Journal of Adolescent Health, 63, pp. 688–693.
Gould, M., Jamieson, P.E., Romer, D. (2003). Media contagion and suicide among the young, Ameri-can Behavioral Scientist, 46(9), pp. 1269-1284.
Hittner, J. B. (2005). How robust is the Werther effect? A re-examination of the suggestion-imitation model of suicide, Mortality, 10(3), pp. 193–200.
Keen, S. (2006). A theory of narrative empathy, Narrative, 14 (3).
Jones, R. H. (2012). Discourse analysis. A Resource Book for Students. London: Routledge.
Lewis-Beck, M. S.; Bryman, A. E.; Futing Liao, T. (2004). The SAGE Encyclopedia of Social Science Research Methods. London: Sage.
Mar, R. A., & Oatley, K. (2008). The Function of Fiction is the Abstraction and Simulation of Social Experience, Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(3), pp. 173–192. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00073.x
Mueller, A. S. (2019). Why Thirteen Reasons Why may elicit suicidal ideation in some viewers, but help others, Social Science & Medicine, 232, pp. 499–501.
Niederkrotenthaler, T. & Stack, S. (2017). Media and Suicide. International Perspectives on Research, Theory, and Policy. New York, NY: Transaction Publishers.
Niederkrotenthaler, T., Voracek, M., Herberth, A., Till, B., Strauss, M., Etzersdorfer, E.,
et al. (2010). The role of media reports in completed and prevented suicide: Werther
versus Papageno effects. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 197, pp. 234–243.
Sisask, M.; Värnik, A. (2012). Media Roles in Suicide Prevention: A Systematic Review, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 9, pp. 123-138.
Stack, S. (2005). Suicide in the media: a quantitative review of studies based on nonfictional stories. Suicide Life-Threatening Behavior, 35, pp. 121–133.
Sugg, M. M.; Michael K. D., Stevens, S. E.; Filbind, R.; Weiser, J.; Runkle, J.D. (2019). Crisis text patterns in youth following the release of 13 Reasons Why Season 2 and celebrity suicides: A case study of summer 2018, Preventive Medicine Reports, 16.
Thompson, L.K.; Michael, K.D.; Runkle, J.R.; Sugg, M.M. (2019). Crisis Text Line use following the release of Netflix series 13 Reasons Why Season 1: time series analysis of help-seeking behavior in youth. Preventive Medicine Reports, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100825
Wartella, E.; Lauricella, A.; Cingel, D. P. (2018). How teens, parents responded to Netflix series “13 Reasons Why”, Center for Media and Human Development, Northwestern University. Available at: https://13reasonsresearch.soc.northwestern.edu/netflix_global-report_-final-print.pdf
Gelado-Marcos, R., Poch-Butler, S. L., & Moreno-Felices, P. (2020). Hope and Inevitability in 13 Reasons Why. A Comparative Discourse Analysis of the Series’ First Season and it’s Neyond the Reasons Documentary Counterpart. Fonseca, Journal of Communication, (21), 14. https://doi.org/10.14201/fjc2020211326
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