News sources and political pluralism in the coverage of European issues on Spanish television
Abstract The research analyses the use of information sources in television news on European issues and its relationship with political pluralism and pluralism of information through direct observation of a sample of selected stories. The results reveal that political and governmental representatives still occupy a relevant position in the informative space. In addition, the visibility of those sources is enhanced my means of individual appearances given on camera and through text-picture correspondence. Civic sources, consisting of anonymous citizens, reach a similar degree of representation but only in news including direct quotes. On the other hand, an increase of the number and types of news sources do not necessarily ensue a larger degree of political pluralism. To the contrary, it has been proved that Spanish television networks tend to express unique opinions in the news and often show a clear political orientation in favor of the European integration process.
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De Vreese, C. H., Peter, J. y Semetko, H. A. (2001). Framing politics at the launch of the euro: A cross-national comparative study of frames in the news. Political Communication, 18(2), 107–122.
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Miller, A. y Kurpius, D. (2010). A citizen-eye view of television news source credibility. American Be-havioral Scientist, 54(2), 137-157.
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Papas, L. K. (1991). Notable quotables: A study of source selection in local television news. Tesis de maestría no publicada. Kingston, ON: Queen’s University.
Peter, J. (2004). Our long «return to the concept of powerful mass media» – a cross national compara-tive investigation of the effects of consonant media coverage. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 16(2), 144-168.
Peter, J., Lauf, E. y Semetko, H. A. (2004). Television coverage of the 1999 European Parliamentary Elections. Political Communication, 21(4), 415-433.
Powell, L. y Self, W. (2003). Government Sources Dominate Business Crisis Reporting. Newspaper Research Journal, 24(2), 97-107.
Pradel Miquel, M. (2008). Europa en la prensa española. Papers: Revista de Sociología, 87, 235-252.
Riegert, K. (2011). Pondering the Future for Foreign News on National Television. International Journal of Communication, 5, 1567–1585.
Rössler, P. (2004). Political communication messages: Pictures of our world on international television news. En Comparing political communication: Theories, cases and challenges. Cambridge: Cambridge Uni-versity Press.
Schlesinger, P. (1990). Rethinking the sociology of journalism: Source strategies and the limits of me-dia centrism. En M. Ferguson (Ed.), Public communication: The new imperatives: future directions for me-dia research (pp. 61-83). London: Sage Publications.
Shehata, A. (2007). Facing the Muhammad cartoons: Official dominance and event driven news in Swedish and American elite press. The Harvard lnternational Journal of Press/Politics, 12(4), 131-153.
Tuchman, G. (1978). Making news: A study in the construction of reality. New York, NY: Free Press.
Watts, R. y Maddison, J. (2014). Print News Uses More Source Diversity Than Does Broadcast. News-paper Research Journal, 35(3), 107-118.
Deuze, M. (2002). National News Cultures: a comparison of Dutch, German, British, Australian, and U.S. Journalists. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 79(1), 134-149.
De Vreese, C. H., Peter, J. y Semetko, H. A. (2001). Framing politics at the launch of the euro: A cross-national comparative study of frames in the news. Political Communication, 18(2), 107–122.
Dimitrova, D. V. y Strömbäck, J. (2009). The Conditionality of Source Use: comparing source use in U.S. and Swedish television media. Journal of Global Mass Communication, 2(1/2), 149-166.
Fico, F. G. y Soffin, S. (1994). Covering Local Conflict: Fairness in Reporting a Public Policy Issue. Newspaper Research Journal, 15(4), 64-76.
Fishman, M. (1980). Manufacturing the news. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press.
Gans, H. J. (1979). Deciding what’s news: A study of CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News, Newsweek and Time. New York, NY: Vintage Books.
Hackett, R. A. (1985). A hierarchy of access: Aspects of source bias in Canadian Tv news. Journalism Quarterly, 62(2), 256-265 y 277.
Hall, S., Clark, J. N., Critcher, C., Jefferson, T. y Roberts, B. (1978). Policing the crisis: Mugging, the state, and law and order. London: Macmillan.
Hallin, D. C. y Mancini, P. (2004). Comparing media systems. Three models of media and politics. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Hjarvard, S. (2006). Tv-nyheder. En Dansk tv’s historie (pp. 105-144). Copenhagen: Samfundslitteratur.
Hopmann, D. N. y Shehata, A. (2011). The contingencies of ordinary citizen appearances in political television news. Journalism Practice, 5(6), 657-671.
Humanes, M. L., Montero Sánchez, M. D., Molina de Dios, R., López-Berini, A. L. (2013). Pluralism and political parallelism in Spanish television news programmes. Revista Latina de Comunicación So-cial, 68, 566-581.
Lawrence, R. G. (2000). The politics of force: Media and the construction of police Brutality. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Lewis, J., Wahl-Jorgensen, K. e Inthorn, S. (2004). Images of Citizenship on Television News: con-structing a passive public. Journalism Studies, 5(2), 153- 164.
Lewis, J. y Wahl-Jorgensen, K. (2005). Active Citizen or Coach Potato? Journalism and public opinion. En S. Allan (Ed.), Journalism: Critical Issues (pp. 98-108). Maidenhead, Berkshire: Open University Press.
Miller, A. y Kurpius, D. (2010). A citizen-eye view of television news source credibility. American Be-havioral Scientist, 54(2), 137-157.
Owens, L. C. (2008). Network News: The Role of Race in Source Selection and Story Topic. The Howard Journal of Communications, 19, 355-370.
Papas, L. K. (1991). Notable quotables: A study of source selection in local television news. Tesis de maestría no publicada. Kingston, ON: Queen’s University.
Peter, J. (2004). Our long «return to the concept of powerful mass media» – a cross national compara-tive investigation of the effects of consonant media coverage. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 16(2), 144-168.
Peter, J., Lauf, E. y Semetko, H. A. (2004). Television coverage of the 1999 European Parliamentary Elections. Political Communication, 21(4), 415-433.
Powell, L. y Self, W. (2003). Government Sources Dominate Business Crisis Reporting. Newspaper Research Journal, 24(2), 97-107.
Pradel Miquel, M. (2008). Europa en la prensa española. Papers: Revista de Sociología, 87, 235-252.
Riegert, K. (2011). Pondering the Future for Foreign News on National Television. International Journal of Communication, 5, 1567–1585.
Rössler, P. (2004). Political communication messages: Pictures of our world on international television news. En Comparing political communication: Theories, cases and challenges. Cambridge: Cambridge Uni-versity Press.
Schlesinger, P. (1990). Rethinking the sociology of journalism: Source strategies and the limits of me-dia centrism. En M. Ferguson (Ed.), Public communication: The new imperatives: future directions for me-dia research (pp. 61-83). London: Sage Publications.
Shehata, A. (2007). Facing the Muhammad cartoons: Official dominance and event driven news in Swedish and American elite press. The Harvard lnternational Journal of Press/Politics, 12(4), 131-153.
Tuchman, G. (1978). Making news: A study in the construction of reality. New York, NY: Free Press.
Watts, R. y Maddison, J. (2014). Print News Uses More Source Diversity Than Does Broadcast. News-paper Research Journal, 35(3), 107-118.
Benaissa Pedriza, S. (2017). News sources and political pluralism in the coverage of European issues on Spanish television. Fonseca, Journal of Communication, 14(14), 181–201. https://doi.org/10.14201/fjc201714181201
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