Nanometric and vectorized gold as a potential strategy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
Abstract Gold nanoparticles have been used since ancient times for ornamental and healing purposes. In the last decades, its study has been promoted by the scientific community due to its unique physical, chemical and optical properties, dependent on size. Recently, this has constituted one of the biggest advances in applied nanotechnology in health. In pharmaceutical science, nanoparticles can be innovative tools for analysis, diagnosis and therapeutic procedures. Nowadays, nanoparticles are used as drug delivery devices in order to reduce either doses or adverse effects since they improve the biodistribution of drugs by making a modified and adapted release to treat diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. This pathology of unknown origin is treated with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, such as methotrexate and tocilizumab, whose purpose is to slow down the process, which can even stop the evolution of the disease and prevent further damage to the disease affected areas. However, these drugs have high toxicity when they are used for long periods of time. As an alternative to current therapy, this work aims to study the potential improvement in treatment by encapsulating methotrexate in gold nanoparticles, as well as vectorizing them with tocilizumab.
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Chen M, Daddy KA, Xiao Y, Ping Q, Zong L. Advanced nanomedicine for rheumatoid arthritis treatment: focus on active targeting. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2017; 14(10):1141-1144. https://doi.org/10.1080/17425247.2017.1372746
Chen Y-H, Tsai C-Y, Huang P-Y, Chang M-Y, Cheng P-C, Chou C-H, et al. Methotrexate conjugated to gold nanoparticles inhibits tumor growth in a syngeneic lungtumor model. Mol Pharm. 2007; 4(5):713-722. https://doi.org/10.1021/mp060132k
Herizchi R, Abbasi E, Milani M, Akbarzadeh A. Current methods for synthesis of gold nanoparticles. Artif Cells, Nanomedicine Biotechnol. 2016; 44(2):596-602. https://doi.org/10.3109/21691401.2014.971807
Khan I, Saeed K, Khan I. Nanoparticles: Properties, applications and toxicities. Arab J Chem. 2017.
Lafarmaciaonline. Cantabria: Manuel Mota Checa; 2008 [actualizado 22 feb. 2018; citado 6 abr. 2018). Disponible en: https://www.lafarmaciaonline.com/es/definicion-sintomas-y-como-combatir-la-artrosis-de-rodilla/blog/3/.
Lee H, Lee M-Y, Bhang SH, Kim B-S, Kim YS, Ju JH, et al. Hyaluronate-Gold Nanoparticle/Tocilizumab Complex for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACS Nano. 2014; 8(5):4790-4798. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn500685h
Lee SM, Kim HJ, Ha YJ, Park YN, Lee SK, Park YB, et al. Targeted chemo-photothermal treatments of rheumatoid arthritis using gold half-shell multifunctional nanoparticles. ACS Nano. 2013; 7(1):50-57. https://doi.org/10.1021/nn301215q
Mousa SA, Bharali DJ. Nanotechnology-based detection and targeted therapy in cancer: Nano-bio paradigms and applications. Cancers (Basel). 2011; 3(3):2888-2903. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers3032888
Reum Son A, Kim DY, Hun Park S, Yong Jang J, Kim K, Ju Kim B, et al. Direct chemotherapeutic dual drug delivery through intra-articular injection for synergistic enhancement of rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Sci Rep. 2015; 5:1-12. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14713
Richards DA, Maruani A, Chudasama V. Chemical Science Antibody fragments as nanoparticle targeting ligands : a step in the right direction. Chem Sci. 2016; 00:1-15. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6SC02403C
Sharma A, Matharu Z, Sumana G, Solanki PR, Kim CG, Malhotra BD. Antibody immobilized cysteamine functionalized-gold nanoparticles for aflatoxin detection. Thin Solid Films. 2010; 519(3):1213-1218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.08.071
Singh R, Lillard JW. Nanoparticle-based targeted drug delivery. Exp Mol Pathol. 2009; 86(3):215-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexmp.2008.12.004
Tran NTT, Wang TH, Lin CY, Tai Y. (2013). Synthesis of methotrexate-conjugated gold nanoparticles with enhanced cancer therapeutic effect. Biochem. Eng. J. 2013; 78:175-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2013.04.017
Zhao P, Li N, Astruc D. State of the art in gold nanoparticle synthesis. Coord Chem Rev. 2013; 257(3-4):638-665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2012.09.002
Ortega-Torres, I., Alonso-Moreno, C., & Castro-Osma, J. A. (2020). Nanometric and vectorized gold as a potential strategy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. FarmaJournal, 5(1), 75–83. https://doi.org/10.14201/fj2020517583
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