«Trichoderma» Biocontrol Activity Against Plant Pathogenic Ascomycetes
Abstract Several Trichoderma spp. are used as biocontrol agents because they can reduce the disease severity in plants by inhibiting pathogens through different mechanism of action. Fusarium oxysporum (FO) y Botrytis cinerea (BC) are economically relevant fungi since they cause important losses in more than 200 crops worldwide.To analyse the antagonistic potential of Trichoderma against these two pathogens, we used 6 strains from different species, representing the genetic diversity existing in this genus, and different in vitro assays performed in two culture media (PDA y MM). The mycoparasitic ability and antifungal activity of volatiles and metabolites secreted by Trichoderma were tested. Trichoderma parareesei T6 showed the highest mycoparsitism against FO on PDA. Volatiles produced by these six strains on MM cultures reduced the FO growth in ca. 50-60% without significant differences among strains, but they had not activity against BC. The secreted metabolites of T. virens T87 on PDA or MM showed the highest growth inhibition values in both pathogens.These results indicate that the biocontrol potential of Trichoderma spp. depends on the genotype, the target pathogen and the culture conditions.
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Hermosa R, Viterbo A, Chet I & Monte E. Plant-beneficial effects of Trichoderma and of its genes. Microbiology. 2012; 158(1):17-25.
Lorito M, Woo SL, Harman GE & Monte E. Translational research on Trichoderma: from omics’ to the field. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2010; 48:395-417.
Malmierca MG, Barua J, McCormick SP, Izquierdo-Bueno I, Cardoza RE, Alexander NJ, et al. Novel aspinolide production by Trichoderma arundinaceum with a potential role in Botrytis cinerea antagonistic activity and plant defence priming. Environ Microbiol. 2015; 17(4):1103-1118.
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Pérez E, Rubio MB., Cardoza R, Gutiérrez S, Bettiol W, Monte E & Hermosa R. The importance of chorismate mutase in the biocontrol potential of Trichoderma parareesei. Front Microbiol. 2015;6:1181.
Rubio B, Quijada N, Pérez E, Domínguez S, Monte E & Hermosa R. Identifying beneficial qualities of Trichoderma parareesei for plants. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014; 80(6):1864-1873.
Shoresh M, Harman GE & Mastouri F. Induced systemic resistance and plant responses to fungal biocontrol agents. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2010; 48:21-43.
Vinale F, Sivasithamparam K, Ghisalberti EL., Marra R, Barbetti MJ, Li H, et al. A novel role for Trichoderma secondary metabolites in the interactions with plants. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol. 2008;72(1-3):80-86.
Druzhinina IS, Seidl-Seiboth V, Herrera-Estrella A, Horwitz BA, Kenerley CM, Monte E, et al. Trichoderma: the genomics of opportunistic success. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011; 9(10):749-759.
Hermosa R, Cardoza RE, Rubio MB, Gutiérrez S & Monte E. Secondary metabolism and antimicrobial metabolites of Trichoderma. En: Gupta VK, Schmoll, M., Herrera-Estrella A, Druzhinina I, Upadhyay RS & Tuohy M, editores. Biotechnology and Biology of Trichoderma. Vol. 1. 1ª ed. Elsevier: Holanda. 2014; p. 125-137.
Hermosa R, Keck E, Chamorro I, Rubio MB, Sanz L, Vizcaíno JA, et al. Genetic diversity shown in Trichoderma biocontrol isolates. Mycological Res. 2004; 108(8):897-906.
Hermosa R, Viterbo A, Chet I & Monte E. Plant-beneficial effects of Trichoderma and of its genes. Microbiology. 2012; 158(1):17-25.
Lorito M, Woo SL, Harman GE & Monte E. Translational research on Trichoderma: from omics’ to the field. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2010; 48:395-417.
Malmierca MG, Barua J, McCormick SP, Izquierdo-Bueno I, Cardoza RE, Alexander NJ, et al. Novel aspinolide production by Trichoderma arundinaceum with a potential role in Botrytis cinerea antagonistic activity and plant defence priming. Environ Microbiol. 2015; 17(4):1103-1118.
Morath SU, Hung R & Bennett JW. Fungal volatile organic compounds: a review with emphasis in their biotechnological applications. Fungal Biol Rev. 2012; 26(2-3):73-83. Penttilä M, Nevalainen H, Rättö M, Salminen E & Knowles JA. Versatile transformation system for the cellulolytic filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei. Gene. 1987;61(2):155-164.
Pérez E, Rubio MB., Cardoza R, Gutiérrez S, Bettiol W, Monte E & Hermosa R. The importance of chorismate mutase in the biocontrol potential of Trichoderma parareesei. Front Microbiol. 2015;6:1181.
Rubio B, Quijada N, Pérez E, Domínguez S, Monte E & Hermosa R. Identifying beneficial qualities of Trichoderma parareesei for plants. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014; 80(6):1864-1873.
Shoresh M, Harman GE & Mastouri F. Induced systemic resistance and plant responses to fungal biocontrol agents. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2010; 48:21-43.
Vinale F, Sivasithamparam K, Ghisalberti EL., Marra R, Barbetti MJ, Li H, et al. A novel role for Trichoderma secondary metabolites in the interactions with plants. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol. 2008;72(1-3):80-86.
Pérez, A., Hermosa, R., & Monte, E. (2017). «Trichoderma» Biocontrol Activity Against Plant Pathogenic Ascomycetes. FarmaJournal, 2(1), 85–93. Retrieved from https://revistas.usal.es/cinco/index.php/2445-1355/article/view/15245
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